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Canadian History (17th to 19th century)
New France/Upper Canada/Canada West/Province Of Ontario
...these times were researched and prepared through the
generousity of the Upper Canada Law Society
Scavmgefjfmn j
'(Pioneers
1604 Mcittieu da Costa is the first known person of African descent to arrive in
Canada. Me sailed with the Champlain-Poulrincourt expedition. His linguistic expertise
made him a valuable member to the crew. Me spoke numerous languages including
Micmac and French and was an interpreter for Champlain. Da Costa was a well educated
individual and was a charier member of Canada’s oldest club, The Order of Canada.
1628
Olivier Le Jenne (a native of Madagascar) is the first known black person to
have lived in Canada. Me came to Canada at the age of seven during the invasion of New
France. He was a slave of British Commander, David Kirk. After a time he was sold to a
Quebec resident who sent him to a school that had been established by a Jesuit priest
named Father Le Jeune. He was later baptized as Olivier Le Jeune. Me died on May 10"\
1654 with status of a freeperson.
Louis XIV sanctioned the longstanding practice of slavery- in New France. Blacks
1709
were among the first pioneers in New France as many of them had been brought as slaves
to fur trading posts and settlements. These black pioneers helped to clear the land and
establish these early posts and settlements.
Treaty of Utrecht is signed. This allows the French territory of Acadia to be
1713
transferred to the British. Settlers, bringing their slaves w ith them from New England,
moved into the area (which was renamed Nova Scotia). Many of these slaves had brought
valuable skills w ith them, learned in Africa, these skilled tradesmen were then sold to
American colonics when their work was no longer needed in Canada. The city of Halifax
was built by the labor of slaves.
1734 A/arie-Joseph Angelique was the slave of a wealthy Montreal merchant. On
April 11, in an drastic act of resistance, she set fire to her masters’ house so that it would
divert attention from her escape. The fire destroyed 46 buildings including the Hotel
Dieu. Once caught she was publicly tortured and hanged.
Britain conquered New France. The slave system, previously established in
1760
Quebec, were continued under British Rule. Although census records had not yet been
established, it is estimated that approximately 500 or 600 slaves lived in Canada during
the 18^ century. These slaves were Blacks and Pawnee Indians.
1775 American Revolution: The British government encouraged colonists to join with
them to fight. For this involvement they promised free land grants and military postings.
Slaves were offered their freedom along with free land and postings. Many joined in the
fight.
After the war, United Umpire Loyalists (URL), as they were now known moved
1783
from America to the Bahamas, Bermuda, the West Indies, East and West Florida and
Canada. Over 30,000 people moved to Nova Scotia and Quebec. The Loyalists were
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comprised of a diverse ethnic makeup (European, British, Aboriginal and Africans). Over
3,000 Black Loyalists (including the famous Black Pioneers, which was an all black
militia unit) received land grants in Canada.
British Act of 1790 allowed new settlers to bring slaves into what was to be
1790
known as Upper Canada for the value of "forty shillings" a person.
1791
1793
Separation of upper and lower provinces into Upper and Lower Canada.
The first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada. Lieutenant-Colonel John
Graves Simcoe and his wife Elizabeth were
abolitionists who lobbied for the dismantling of slavery
i in Upper Canada. Ironically, 6 of the 16 legislators in
Hf the first Parliament of Upper Canada were slave
mH owners.
John Graves Simcoe, First Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada Founder of
Toronto (Portrait by Jean Laurent Mosnier)
ChiefJustice Osgoode drafted a bill which was intended to contain slavery in
1793
Upper Canada. The first Parliament of the Province of Upper Canada passed the
legislation the Statute of 1793. This statute prohibited the importation of slaves into
Upper Canada. It is considered the first specific human rights law in the British Empire to
address the institute of slavery. Although the law did not abolish slavery in Upper Canada
it did allow the children of the then slaves to be freed at the age of twenty-five.
1803
William Osgoode while Chief Justice of Lower Canada (named in 1793)
spearheaded the historic decision that slavery was inconsistent with British Law.
Although the judgement did not legally abolish slavery, over 300 slaves were set free in<
Lower Canada. This judgement let slave owners that Canada was inhospitable towards
slavery and a clear anti-slavery foundation began to be established.
During the War of 1812 man Blacks fought alongside of the British, in Black
1812
militia units. When the war ended, Sir Peregrine Maitland, the Lieutenant-Governor of
Upper Canada, offer land grants to the Black veterans and refugees. This settlement was
formed on what is Oro township today.
Upper Canada’s Attorney General, John Beverly Robinson, declared that Blacks who
resided on Canadian soil would be free. He also promised that Canadian courts would
uphold that freedom. Soon American Blacks began to hear that they loo could bo lrcc in
Canada and would be protected under British Law. Canada began to be viewed as a safe
haven.
182(1
It is believed that the Underground Railroad (UGR) movement began by a group
of Pennsylvania Quakers in 1804. During the 1800s many people, who opposed slavery,
had formed a complicated system of networks and escape routes. These routes led to
freedom in Canada. By 1820, the escape routes of this system were firmly established
throughout the United Stales. During the 1830’s and 40’s many UGR terminals and
stations had been set up in Canada. It is estimated that approximately 30,000 Blacks came
across the border in the early and mid 1800's. Many of these Blacks (Fugitive Slaves and
Free Blacks) did not use this underground system, escaping by themselves to freedom in
Canada.
1830
Josiah Henson, his w ife and four children escaped to Canada on October 2S1*1.
v.. 1&30 through the UGR. Josiah and his family remained
_
Canada, where today there is a historical site. Many
newcomers found comfort at the Dawn settlement
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established in part by Josiah. In 1852 Unde Tom's Cabin written bv Harriet Beecher
Stowe, was published. It is believed that the life of Josiah was the template for the book.
This famous book inspired numerous individuals to join the abolitionist cause.
Josiah Henson & his wife (Photo Credit:: Metropolitan Toronto Library Board)
1833
The British Imperial Act of 1833 was passed ending slavery throughout the
British Umpire. This act caused the largest influx of Blacks arriving into Canada West
during 1830 and 1860. It is estimated that approximately 30 to 50 ,000 moved to Canada
during this period.
Mackenzie Rebellion: The government of Upper Canada enrolled Blacks in all
1837
Black Militia units., i.e. Runcheys Rangers. However, enterprising Blacks forged their
own militia unit before enlisted by the government. They formed groups like Captain
Caldwell’s Coloured Volunteers.
Anderson R. Abbott, a surgeon, soldier, poet and educator was bom in Toronto. He
became the first Canadian Black doctor. Black men were awarded the right to vote.
Women could not.
There w ere a number of boats on the Great Lakes that assisted the abolitionist
1842
cause. Often they gav e free passage to fugitive slaves. William Wells Brown, a former
slave and owner of a number of boats, brought 69 slaves into Canada from May to
December.
A fugitive slave Nelson Hackett is forced to return to his master and the United States.
This ignited the abolitionist cause further and was a highly publicized event.
1849
Harriet Tubman escaped from slavery around this lime period. She was to
become one of the most famous Underground
railroad operators. It is believed that she
returned into the United States over 19 times
to help over 300 slaves escape. Her name and
activities were so well known that a $40,000
bounty was established by angry slave
owners. Tubman resided in St. Catharines,
Ontario for over eight years. The town was
an important location for the UGR as citizens
were empathclic to the abolitionist cause. She
was considered a military and logistics
genius. At the start of the American Civil
War, she was recruited to act as a spy for the
Union Army.
Harriet Tubman & her charges (Photo
Credit:Metropolitan Toronto Library Board)
1850
U.S. Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act which spearheaded an exodus of
Free Blacks and fugitive slaves into Canada. The Act threatened the safety of free Blacks
who lived in the Northern Free Slates. It enabled them to be captured and sold back into
slavery.
The Common Schools Act is passed in Canada West. This piece of legislation sanctioned
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ihe racial separation of schools lor Blacks and Whites. Black parents protested by
establishing their own religious based schools for their children. The practice of racial
segregation continued into the early 1900's in many areas throughout Canada West.
The Toronto Anti-Slaveit Society was formed. The first meeting was held at the
1851
St. Lawrence Hall in Toronto. Ironically this location was used previously for slave
auctions. George Brown of the Globe was one of the founding members Of the society.
Extremely influencial, he was an abolitionist who helped to make Toronto a hotbed for
the anti-slavery cause. Toronto, the only area not to segregate its schools by race,
influenced the surrounding areas with its anti-racist sentiments.
1852
•;i-
rY.v".
liemy Bibb published and distributed The Anti-Slave iv Harp ,a collection of
popular anti-slavery songs in Windsor, Ontario. Henry and Maty
Bibb established the Voice ofthe Fugitive Canada's first anti-slavery
^•mewspaper.
V*--m '
. ..
■.
Henry Bibb (Photo Credit: Ontario Department of Travel &
publicity)
,r
1853 The Provincial Freeman, an anti-slavery newspaper was started in Windsor,
Ontario. Maty Ann Shadd is believed to be the first Black female newspaper editor in
North America.
1855
The first black lawyer was called to the bar in 1855. Through the research of
flgjjp|§l&fhe Law Society of Upper Canada in 1992 it was discovered that
m&Robert Sutherland was actually the first black lawyer and not Delos
1/toge.s/ Davis as was previously believed.
■rsm
[,\ lary Ann Shadd Cary (Photo Credit: Daniel G. Hill)
tjj
Dr. Alexander Milton Ross, a physician, ornithologist and abolitionist helped
hundreds of slaves escape to freedom. Under the guise of searching
for rare birds he traveled extensively throughout the American
south where he aided slaves escape to Canadian via the
Underground Railroad.
;
%
■ • ’ • Hr. Alexander Milton Ross (Photo Credit:Metropolitan Toronto
Ubrary Board)
1856 Major Martin Delany, M.D. was die first black to graduate in medicine from
Harvard University. He was successful in bringing the 1856 cholera epidemic under
control in the city of Chatham, Ontario.
1858
American abolitionist John Brown met his contemporaries in Chatham, Ontario
to plan his attack on Harper's Ferry in Virginia. In may of 1859 the
attack failed and John Brown was tried for high treason. He was
found guilty and hanged. He became a martyr for the abolitionist
cause and was revered by abolitionists on both sides of the border.
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John Brown (Photo Credit: Metropolitan Toronto Library Board)
1859
Abraham Shadd was the first Black Canadian to be elected to public office.
I860
It is estimated that there were between 30,000 to 50,000 people of African
descent in Canada.
1861 Anderson Ruffin Abbott became the first Canadian bom Black doctor. During the
American Civil War he was one of eight black surgeons to work with the union army.
1862
At the outbreak of the American Civil War many of the Americans who had
earlier escaped to Canada returned to the United Stales to help fight in the war. This
caused a major reduction of Blacks residing in the Province.
1886
Delois Davis became the second black lawyer in Upper Canada. He was
admitted to the Law Society of Upper Canada on May 19. 1885 and was called to be bar
on November 15,i\ 1886. Although he completed his law studies at the University of
Toronto, he could not find a law firm to article with. He was appointed to Kings Counsel
in 1910. His son Frederick Davis became Ontario’s second black lawyer in 1900. Father
and son set up the practice Davis and Davis in Amherslburg, Ontario.
At the age of 51, William Hubbard entered civic politics in Toronto. He was the
1893
first alderman to be elected in his Ward (4). He was reelected even' year for the next 13
years. Between 1904 and 1907 he was on the Board of Control as Vice Chairman and
acted as Deputy Mayor.
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Title
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Lyman Wilmot House
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of records related to the Deerfield Public Library's research into whether or not the Wilmot house could be proved to have been a stop on the Underground Railroad.
Creator
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Deerfield Public Library
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Deerfield Public Library
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Deerfield Public Library
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2002
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English
Identifier
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DPL.0013
Text
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Time Lines: Canadian History (17th to 19th Century) New France / Upper Canada / Canada West / Province of Ontario
Description
An account of the resource
Printout from webpage of a timeline of Canadian history focusing on New France, Upper Canada, Canada West, and Ontario. Some highlighting.
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Upper Canada Law Society
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Accessed 02/08/2002
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English
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DPL.0013.035
Abolitionism
Abolitionist
Abraham Shadd
Acadia Canada
Africa
African American Loyalists
African American Slaves
African Canadian Doctors
African Canadian Refugees
African Canadian Suffrage
African Canadian Veterans
Alexander Milton Ross
American Civil War
American Colonies
American Revolution
Amherstburg Ontario
Anderson R. Abbott
Anderson Ruffin Abbott
Anti-Slavery Newspapers
Bahamas
Bermuda
Black Pioneers Militia Unit
British Act of 1790
British Army Black Militia Units
British Empire
British Empire Abolition of Slavery
British Imperial Act of 1833
British Law
British Rule of Canada
Canada
Canada West
Canadian Abolishment of Slavery
Canadian Civic Politics
Canadian History
Canadian Segregation
Canadian Slavery
Canadian Slavery Statutes
Canadian Statute of 1793
Captain Caldwell's Coloured Volunteers
Champlain-Poutrincourt Expedition
Chatham Ontario Canada
Chief Justice of Lower Canada
Chief Justice Osgoode
Cholera
Common Schools Act
Daniel G. Hill
David Kirk
Davis and Davis
Dawn Settlement Canada
Delois Davis
Delos Rogest Davis
East Florida
Elizabeth Graves Simcoe
Father Le Juene
Florida
Frederick Davis
French Language
Fugitive Slave Act
Fur Trade
George Brown
Great Lakes
Halifax Nova Scotia
Harper's Ferry
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet Tubman
Harvard University
Henry Bibb
Hotel Dieu
Human Rights Laws
John Beverly Robinson
John Brown
John Graves Simcoe
Josiah Henson
Kings Counsel
Law Society of Upper Canada
Louis XIV
Lower Canada
Loyalists
Mackenzie Rebellion
Madagascar
Marie-Joseph Angelique
Martin Delany
Mary Ann Shadd
Mary Bibb
Mattieu da Costa
Metropolitan Toronto Library Board
Micmac Language
Montreal Quebec Canada
Nelson Hackett
New England
New France
Nova Scotia Canada
Oliver Le Jeune
Ontario Canada
Ontario Department of Travel and Publicity
Ornithologist
Oro Township Canada
Pawnee Native American Slaves
Pawnee Native American Tribe
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania Quakers
Peregrine Maitland
Physician
Printout
Provincial Freeman
Quebec Canada
Robert Sutherland
Runcheys Rangers
Samuel de Champlain
St. Catharines Ontario Canada
St. Lawrence Hall
The Anti-Slavery Harp
The Order of Canada
Timelines
Toronto Alderman
Toronto Anti-Slavery Society
Toronto Board of Control
Toronto Deputy Mayor
Toronto Globe
Toronto Ontario Canada
Treaty of Utrecht
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Underground Railroad
Underground Railroad Operators
Union Army
Union Army Spies
Union Army Surgeons
United Empire Loyalists
United States Congress
University of Toronto
Upper Canada
Upper Canada Attorney General
Upper Canada Law Society
Upper Canada Lieutenant Governor
Upper Canada Parliament
Virginia
Voice of the Fugitive
War of 1812
Website
West Florida
West Indies
William Hubbard
William Osgoode
William Wells Brown
Windsor Ontario Canada
-
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Text
496
Appendix
SVarlier’ °r SUbSCqUent data: Migration reports. These data also
suffer from imprecise definitions, for black immigration to Canada was remrlo
°ften m te™S °f arrivaIs £rom 1116 United States and via ocean
port^ These two categories are not genuinely helpful, for numerous AmeriMnn^°eS "ndoubtedly entered through the ports of Halifax, Saint John,
Montreal, and Vancouver, just as West Indians and Africans may have
rossed into Canada from the American border rather than entering by sea.
Other data do refer to West Indians as distinct from Negroes, the latter
word apparently being reserved for Americans; but in 1926 the ethnic
totals were dropped, as was the West Indian designation, temporarily. And
immigration reports could be contradictory: although the 1922 report
showed that no Negroes had entered Canada the previous year, this
was
corrected in the report of 1923.27
A comparison of census returns, birthrate ^
estimates, and immigration
reports for the period 1911 to 1951 shows that one body of data was in
? C°nfisiderable numbcr of Negroes “passed over” each decade
m o white classifications—not primarily through intermarriage, since the
intermarriage rate was low, but presumably through electing to consider
Aemselves white. This conclusion would also help to account for the
r" flT8h0Ut the Peri0d fr0m 0ntario
other provinces
( ept Nova Scotia), and for the movement out of Nova Scotia into
Negro communities^
*
^ * °ntari° and Nova Scotia *e
were
„ more reac% recognizable, and if one had made
the decision to “
step. By 1961
help to explain the sharp increase in the reported Negro population, for
“sen ISS 7
h3Ve Ch0Se“ t0 “paSS” “ay now h™5 oh°sen to
tinn i^ i ba faSe-In the previous decades a modestly advancing immigracrease
7 ^ ^ W£St Indies’ aIso contributed measurably to the inIf neither the estimates of interested observers
nor the reports of disinterested statisticians are to be accepted for this study one may yet conelude that the Negro, although never numerous, has on the whole been
more numerous than Canadians have thought. His influence in Canadian
Even
°f ?g dUration and’ at times> of marked importance.
Even more, one may demonstrate that the Canadian experience has been
fte SfeCCaCnad0r
wTfl“t the faction between the black,
, . fCad,’. and their shared environment has revealed much of
general interest and importance about Canadian ethnic and racial
attitudes.
(oLTm9U27yeZVf te Dertment °f ******** ond Colonization . . .
l sstrssasr’ -d '*
A Note on Sources
This book arises largely from manuscript materials. That is true of____
most
books by most historians, and usually the fact would not be worthy of
special comment. Negro, or Black, history manuscript materials present
unusual problems, however. Manuscripts left by Negroes are fewer in
number, more difficult to find, and less self-consciously revealing, than
manuscripts arising from more traditional sources. The reasons for this
comparative dearth are obvious enough, even though until recently few
historians seem to have remarked upon the ways in which an anti- or at
least non-Negro bias might be reflected in many aspects of North Ameri
can social history. In historiography, as in chess, the white is always the
first to move—or has been until recently.
As slaves, blacks often were illiterate; even when free, they were the
least likely of all newcomers to North America to leave behind a written
record. They had left no one in Africa to whom they would write of their
new experiences; they were not organized in the New World in ways con
ducive to communication on paper; and they often lacked the skills re
quired to prepare the historian’s cherished manuscript, to be produced in
time in some neatly catalogued archive. They also were highly itinerant,
and frequently not in control of their own movements, so that the little
they had by way of a historical record was swept aside, left behind, or
burned to keep a body warm during the winter. Furthermore, they were
not organized institutionally, so that until the mid-nineteenth century there
were very few religious groups, schools, mutual aid societies, fraternal or
ganizations, or other self-venerating institutions to preserve a collective
record. Accordingly, Negro records are few, scattered, and require much
time and effort to find, assess, and relate.
The assessment of those records that have survived poses another prob
lem. One need not recite here the many arguments about the special nature
of Black history, for a flood of monographs has appeared in recent years
to attest to the angry shoals upon which anyone who casts himself adrift
from traditional historiography may run aground. Obviously, much of the
documentation relating to the Negro in North America comes from sources
which are “white”; thus we often must view black activities and responses
—even Negro thought—through sources which, while contemporary, are
at one remove from our subject matter. To note that one must also view
497
�ancient Greek thought through modern eyes is not to vitiate the conclusion
that by its nature much white-authored history will be biased history. It
does not follow, however, that all white observers have got their sums
wrong. In any event, the historian works with what he has, and while
black observers are to be preferred in many instances, this is not invariably
so; and even were it so, surely it is not beyond the empathy of man to
compensate at least somewhat for the bias inherent in any observation
that moves across ethnic, cultural, or religious chasms. Two superb books
—David Brion Davis’s The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture (Ithaca,
N.Y., 1966), and Winthrop Jordan’s White Over Black (Chapel Hill,
N.C., 1969)—have been criticized by some scholars on the ground that
they are less about what the Negro did than about what the Negro had
visited upon him. If this is so, it does not challenge the validity of telling
the latter story, and I cannot hope, in this more modest effort, to escape
such criticisms.
In any event, this book says something about both subjects. I have
sought out black sources carefully, and feel that I have demonstrated that
vast quantities of material do exist, if not always in the customary places.
Such sources are not used in preference to white sources, as a substitute
or supplement to them, nor in token integration, but as parallel sources
of equal and different validity.
As drafts of this work were revised, the documentation was substantially
reduced. Anyone interested in additional references to a specific point in
the text may consult the author’s original notes or one of the earlier drafts
of the manuscript, now in the Schomburg Collection of the New York
Public Library. The documentation is relatively full as presented here,
however, and the following essay will deal with contemporary or original
source materials only. The footnotes will lead the reader to the more im
portant of the secondary works, as well as printed documents, which are
not discussed here.
Most of the books, pamphlets, and articles cited in the notes were con
sulted at the British Museum, the Library of Congress, the Public Archives
of Canada, or one of the Canadian provincial archives. All major collec
tions of Negro Americana (as the term once had it) known to me were
consulted. These include the five leading collections: the Schomburg, the
James Weldon Johnson in the Yale University Library, and the holdings
of Fisk, Hampton, and Howard universities. Lesser collections in the Bos
ton Athenaeum, the Brookline (Mass.), Chicago, and Providence public
libraries, the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, the Confederate Me
morial Library in Richmond, Tuskegee Institute, Lincoln University, and
the universities of Atlanta, California, and Vermont, were examined, as
were special collections of antislavery pamphlets at Cornell University and
!
Oberlin College. I also consulted over a hundred theses and dissertations.
Those drawn upon are cited in full in the footnotes. For a basic list, one
may consult Earle H. West, comp., A Bibliography of Doctoral Research
on the Negro, 1933-1966 ([Ann Arbor, Mich.], 1969).
The only partial bibliography on The Negro in Canada appeared as this
work neared completion. Subtitled A Select List of Primary and Secondary
Sources for the Study of Negro Community in Canada from the Earliest
Times to the Present Days, and prepared by Sushil Kumar Jain, it is avail
able from the University of Saskatchewan library (Regina, 1967). The
list is highly selective and uncritical. A Bibliography of Antislavery in
America, prepared by Dwight Lowell Dumond (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1961),
is the most important guide to antislavery literature and other printed
sources. It does not entirely replace two earlier, and excellent finding aids:
W. E. Burghardt DuBois, A Select Bibliography of the American Negro
(Atlanta, Ga., 1905), the only one of several such bibliographies con
sistently to include Canadian citations; and the references in Mary S. Locke,
Anti-Slavery in America, from the Introduction of African Slaves to the
Prohibition of the Slave Trade (1619-1808) (Boston, 1901). These and
other bibliographies include a number of highly general histories of slavery
which make passing reference to Canada—histories not cited in the pres
ent volume. (A representative example is Frank Hoyt Wood, Vrsprung
und Entwicklung der Sklaverei [Leipzig, Germ., 1900], which discusses
Canada on pages 7 to 16.) Anyone wishing to compile a definitive bibli
ography on Canadian Negroes must therefore consult the standard finding
aids as well as the raw notes to the present study, for not all relevant
secondary titles are incorporated in the printed footnotes of this book.
Official Papers
Official papers tend to survive, private papers tend not to. Most official
papers, at least until recently, will tell far more of the Negro as a person
acted upon rather than as actor. For these reasons, the papers of official
bodies—and especially of governments—were of relatively less use in this
study than in most books which attempt to examine some facet of the
Canadian-American relationship. Nonetheless, the official,, papers were
indispensable, especially for a record of the Black Pioneers, the migration
to Sierra Leone, the Maroons, and the Refugees.
The Public Archives of Canada, a uniquely well-run and organized
depository, contains many basic collections of importance. Among these
are the Canadian “G” series, consisting of dispatches and ancillary records
relating to the office of the governor-general. Of this record group’s
twenty-three numbered subseries, the most valuable were Gl, Despatches
from the Colonial Office, G12, Letter Books of Despatches to the Colonial
�500
A Note on Sources
Office, and G20, Civil Secretary’s Correspondence. The “C” series, British
Military Records, provided much information, especially on the War of
1812 and the rebellion of 1837. Particularly fruitful were Cl, C35, C801,
and Cl 049. The Minutes of the Executive Council, Upper Canada Land
Petitions, State Papers of Upper Canada, transcripts of Letters Patent,
transcripts of Treasury letters to the Naval and Military Departments for
1815-21, the raw censuses of Canada, the internal correspondence for
Quebec, and several miscellaneous volumes of petitions, also added pieces
to the mosaic. The Public Archives Record Centre, a storage depot for
the archives, contained the important General Headquarters Papers re
lating to World War I.
The Public Archives of Nova Scotia, in Halifax, provide equally im
portant data. Beginning with the voluminous Akins Collection (to which
belong most PANS volumes bearing a number in the footnotes), succes
sive archivists have drawn together an exceptional range of material.
Among the official papers are volumes of unpassed bills, the letter books
of the surveyor-general for 1784 to 1824, letters of the lieutenant governor
to the Colonial Office, accounts on the final settlement of the Jamaican
Maroons in Nova Scotia, a variety of petitions, deeds, and bills of sale, a
loose collection of land papers, a bound series of Crown Land Papers,
raw census returns, Council Minutes, the Minute Books of Proceedings
of the Port Roseway Associates, official documents on Old Township and
Loyalist settlements, French documents relating to Acadia, and a number
of miscellaneous volumes (on occasion with incorrect binder’s titles, as
when a volume labeled 1815-18 is found to contain a letter for 1836).
The line between official and unofficial papers is a thin one, of course,
and often impossible to draw. Several of the collections used in the New
Brunswick Museum in Saint John were of this kind. They include the or
der books of the York County Militia, the records of the Provincial Chas
seurs, extracts from King’s County wills, miscellaneous records of the
York County registry office, the record book of the Pennfield settlement,
and a variety of marriage and death certificates. A wide range of papers
pertaining to Crown lands in Ontario, together with the papers of the Edu
cation Department (often referred to as the Ryerson Papers) of Canada
West, are among the most valuable sources in the Ontario Provincial
Archives in Toronto. Deeds, petitions, location tickets, and the papers of
the Toronto City Council for the 1840s (supplemented by minutes of town
meetings held by the Toronto Public Library), also proved useful. The
History Branch of Ontario’s Department of Lands and Forests holds a
substantial number of survey records that were relevant. In Windsor, the
registry office provided lists of property holders, plans for lots, and lists of
burials which helped plot the patterns of black settlement in Essex County.
To the West, the Archives of Saskatchewan and those of British Co-
A Note on Sources
507
lumbia proved especially useful. At the former’s Saskatoon branch, a wide
range of homestead records have been microfilmed, while the Regina
branch hdds films of the provincial Department of Education’s district
files. The British Columbia archives, in Victoria, also hold many official
land records, as well as the correspondence of the Commissioner of Lands
and Works. The Land Titles Office, in Edmonton, Alberta, and the pro
vincial Department of Lands and Forests, also in Edmonton, provided
maps, tax records, and certificates of title.
official records were of great value, since the majority of
XT American
.
Canada arrived via the United States. The National Archives
in Washington holds such diverse collections as the papers of the Con
tinental Congress, the George Washington papers, the Interior Depart
ment’s records on the slave trade and Negro colonization, the Harper’s
Ferry Select Committee files, the records of the Labor and Transportation
Committee for Congested Production Areas (1943-45), the State De
partment’s Decimal Files for the first four decades of the present century,
and dispatches from twenty-one American consulates in Canada, as well as
from American consuls in Nassau, Bahamas; Kingston, Jamaica; and Aux
Cayes, Haiti.
The most important repositories of official and public papers proved to
be in Britain, however. The Public Record Office is an overburdened
ever-ncher storehouse for the colonial, imperial, or diplomatic historian’
and many of its volumes were central to this study. These include eighteen
CO series: 2, 23, 42, 44, 45, 60, 188, 217, 218, 219, 220, 267, 270,
296, 305, 398, 410, and 537; together with FO series 5, 35, 115, and
414. Each of these series may run to hundreds of volumes, as in C042
which consists of over 600 volumes, 131 of which proved to contain relevant
material. H045, confidential extradition prints, the Confidential Minute
Papers on The Gambia, Admiralty series 1, WO series 1 and 61 (the
latter the Jeffery Amherst Papers), the Chatham Papers, and the Head
quarters Papers of the British Army in America also were of use. The
Public Archives of Canada holds microfilms of the CO series, and PANS
holds copies of C0188 and 217-20, although for maximum effectiveness
one must still consult the originals. To these official documents should be
added Additional Manuscripts 15,485 in the British Museum, on exports
and imports of North America, 1768-69.
Private Papers
In the end, however, private papers proved to be of the greatest utility.
On subjects of race personal statements are likely to be franker, more
frequent, and ultimately more unconsciously revealing than the cautious
records of governments can be. If one includes among private papers those
�502
A Note on Sources
of unofficial corporate bodies, such as the Society for the Propagation of
the. Gospel, of the many antislavery societies in Britain, Canada, and the
United States, and of self-help societies, one inevitably will find a more
open, accurate, and fuller expression of opinion and reflection of events
than any official records might provide. Unfortunately, the number of col
lections consulted makes a full critical discussion here impractical.
In the United States, all paths lead to the Library of Congress. There
I drew upon single volumes of papers relating to Sir Guy Carleton and
Sir William Johnson; two boxes and sixteen volumes of materials (the
Edward Vernon and Charles Wager collection) on the slave trade prior
to 1773; Arthur Hamer’s manuscript bibliography on the trade, compiled
at Magdalen College in 1799; collections of papers relating to James Gillispie Birney, John Brown, Edward Everett, Augustus John Foster, Hugh
Gaine, Joshua Giddings, Marcus Gunn, Mrs. Basil Hall, Julia Ward
Howe, Samuel Gridley Howe, John Mitchell, Wendell Phillips, F. W.
Pickens and M. L. Bondam, James Redpath, Franklin B. Sanborn, Wil
liam H. Seward, John Sherman, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, B. F. Stevens,
Mary Church Terrell, Booker T. Washington, Theodore Dwight Weld’
Walter White, Elizur Wright, Frances Wright, the Western Anti-Slavery
Society for 1845-57, and the Edith Rossiter Bevan Autograph Col
lection. Most valuable of all was the Carter G. Woodson Collection of
Negro Papers, the minutes of the American Anti-Slavery Society, and
papers of Benjamin, Lewis, and Arthur Tappan. (Several of the letters
from Thomas Clarkson and John Scoble to the Tappans have been re
printed in Anne Heloise Abel and Frank J. Klingberg, eds., “The Tappan
Papers,” JNH, 7 [1927], 128-329, 389-554 and simultaneously in their
A Side Light on Anglo-American Relations, 1839-1858 [Washington].)
Boston is the chief center for research on abolitionism. In the Massa
chusetts Historical Society one may consult the papers of John A. Andrew,
John Brown, George Ellis, Edward Everett, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Amos A. Lawrence, Edmund Quincy, and Amasa Walker-—all drawn
upon chiefly for unravelling the story of Josiah Henson—as well as the
Francis Parkman Papers. The Boston Public Library holds the papers of
William Lloyd Garrison, the original manuscript of Josiah Henson’s nar
rative as written by Samual A. Eliot, and Lydia Maria Child, Samuel May,
Jr., Amos A. Phelps, and Maria Weston Papers. Across the river in Cam
bridge, at Harvard’s Houghton Library, one may contest wills against the
awkwardly organized Charles Sumner Papers, which include correspon
dence with Clarkson, Eliot, Ellis, Scoble, and Walker, as well as George
Thompson and Hiram Wilson. The Ralph Waldo Emerson and William
H. Siebcrt Collections, the latter consisting of forty-five volumes of clip
pings and notes (three on Canada), and the Houghton theatre collection,
A Note on Sources
503
„W;* Srarv6 On^T P!?ybilIS’ add t0 1116 att^tions of this most ele-
ton.
. Garrison II collections in the Smith College Library in Northamp-
some Thomas: r,n°JeSS riCh' The NeW-York H^al Society provided
some Thomas Clarkson papers and an excellent copy of John Clarkson’s
John’Taylor' Thomas
Sharp’ Gerri‘ Smith! and
n Taylor, Thomas Nyes journal, a single Charles Stuart letter in the
ranaHS!nP !i °f ^eVerend Franc>s Hawks. a miscellaneous collection on
Canada and settlement, correspondence on the slave trade and da
(olhSeFreCd0rdSjc0nthe, S°Ciety f°r Pr°moting Manumission of Slaves’
i?hai w d
oD0UgaSS papers were consulted in the Douglass Me
jssi-sirs.rrr ris s°f™
f
Samuel Ringgold Ward). At Columbia Unive^y one S the oa^s
eorge Plimpton, of Sydney Howard Gay (in fifty badly sorted boxes)
e papers of the Toronto Emigration Office, the John Bartlet BreW ’
antes T. Shotwell and William J. Wilgus coileSo^alfwfth m«
14o tnianCe~a!1i osheu L' S' Alexander Gumby Collection of Negroiana
1910 untTl950 so
“ °ffPpingS on Mack activities collected from
n i
at50, S° orSamzed that one may readily find materials cm
Douglass Marcus Garvey, Jackie Robinson, and riteTsSSfThe
H^ York Geographical Society library has manuscript maps which denote
black settlements m the Maritime Provinces, and playbills and program s
for Tom Shows are in the New York Library for the Perfor2g 1“
sity Ltory whe0reeam0VeS
m°St
t0 the 5y»«w Univera slDgular Private collection was mined. The Gerrit
Brown Jr rIafPherS T"1 volumin°aa correspondence to Smith from John
Brown, Jr Anthony Burns, Thomas Clarkson, James C. Fuller Thomas
Henning, Benjamin Lundy, Samuel J. May, Jr., Joshua R. Giddings Isaac
and^T-p” J°1^.IScoble> JosePh Sturge, George Thompson, Samuel Ward
and Hiram Wilson, as well as subject matter volumes, as for exampie on
J• WrLo!re,HNrbc
1116 SyraCUSe HiSt0riCal Society holds a Me on
gun and the Syracuse Public Library has a useful collection
f genealogical materials. In Rochester, the university preserves the large
�504
A Note on Sources
the Samud D' Porter hoIdin2s on
facts snmf^ ° ^aiIroad- 111 Auburn one may examine a variety of artiCornell n Ca ‘aD’ m the Harriet Tubman Memorial Home- and at
A Note on Sources
505
van
SteinValshdenrCovedCti<?n’
aDd
P3pCrS °£ Ulrich B- P™PS and Gertrude
Society hold's th^e^t£££& w££*££S™
IthrTa\?e C°,le®e ^ aa extensive“rno^
The S^te Hi t S?c J' May antislavery pamphlet file proved of use.
other of AmSl7^ °f Pennsylvania> in Philadelphia, is yet anlectL vi^/
superlative state archives. Here the Simon Grate Coljournal of ffif Spe;eral,mtoest“S items- William Still’s letter book, and the
were
Society Underground Railroad,
John nrr,^F
^he.mmutes
the Pennsylvania Abolition Society
Robert VauxPJames bSi^^A^ S°me Redpath materia1^’ and th®
British Navtdiw®
’ Amencan NeSro History Society, and
-£<£?.£=.izzszxr** N'“by s"nh-
the o™!l6fi0DS ^ m°re WideIy di^ibuted and I researched th
em as
Clements t -u V aros\ usually while on other business. The William L
STof J
UniV£rSity °f Michigan houses the large coUec-'
Sarah orfr ^' ^ The°d°re DwiSht Weld, and Angelina and
ed tfd hv n Abr°ut one-third of the most important manuscripts
were
Birney, 1837-1857 (2 vds^N111
^
°f Iames GilUsPie
Wilson, and Hemy Eftb a e includli p' SC0We’ StUart* StUrge> Walker,
55 “ “
brary has several diaries of Elihu Burri t hft make
7 ^^
materials of Harriet Beecher Stowe—in some sixt^lihrL^ ^ ^ f® h®
GrMe'y Swe^nrighf 1°£ “
the Kansas State Historical Soctefv Thk
f
Eastman PaPers), and
||S£~SHSlsi
.»£^"o=r„ “o£ s*ja,tsron M“- °*™*
ss jS2s t";:*
v^oV^S£mS^aVery-A^iti0n —p“ KreS Z
,"d
m
“st “ ■=* Acrrsss: ssr
-d
and I used a microfilm of the Wickett-WiswaU Collection of EhiahTo633’
joy Papers at Texas Technological College. The Office of the Chief Jr"
Washillgton’ DC> made available within its Historical
Highway
3 V3nety °f manuscriPt ffles <® the building of the Alaskan
treasUrer’s Ietters> and ‘he
r°WS ^ °D the early fugitive slave settle-
Papers in Canada were also dispersed across the continent.
Again, the
most valuable collections were in the Public Archives of Canada
There
one
ss
X^rer::
HeJ holies
ments in Canada West. P ’
At Yale, the James Weldon Johnson
are
Collection, in the Beinecke Li-
orSJSSI,
zz%v ,ue“re ;r "d i”'-1«»=«««*
8
0DSWUt,0n of Vancouver Island’s Confederate League. The Carl
Galt i «”?S“ Afc"n,I“™
officials. The Louis-Hippolyte
Lafontaine Papers were of great use on
the French period, as were the
�si note on sources
extensive transcriptions from the Archives de la Marine (Serie B) and
Archives des colonies (Serie B, C, E, F) in Paris, the general correspon
dence of Intendant Giles Hocquart, Fonds Frangais from the Bibliotheque
Nationale, and a variety of transcripts from the Archives Nationale. The
papers of James Murray, a number of Carleton transcripts, the Ward
Chipman, William King and William Dummer Powell papers, the diary of
Alexander McNeilledge, the Reynolds Family papers, plans of the Elgin
settlement with contemporary maps, and the journal of Mgr. J. O. Plessis
were of substantial use. The PAC also holds microfilms of the annual re
ports, occasional papers, and minute books of the Colonial and Continen
tal Church Society, the originals of which are at McGill University, at the
Methodist Missionary Society chambers in London, and in the British
Museum With the exception of the last, it was the microfilm I used. George
Julien s ‘ Coon” of Laurier is in the National Gallery of Art, also in Ot
tawa.
In Toronto, the Ontario Provincial Archives provided the papers of Wil
liam Canniff, J. George Hodgins, Mrs. Edmund George O’Brien, James R
Roaf, the Robinson and Russell families, John Graves Simcoe, Thomas
Smith, D. E. Stevenson, Bishop John Strachan, and a typescript by John
M. Elson. The University of Toronto added the John Carleton papers;
while the Toronto Public Library, always pleasant and efficient, drew from
its midden the diary of Elizabeth Russell, the papers of Peter Russell,
Robert Baldwin, William Jarvis, and David William Smith, the HubbardAbbott Collection, the manuscript autobiography of Thomas H. Scott,
Mrs. Amelia Harris’s scrapbooks, and a variety of broadsides, playbills'
prospecti, and clippings. All save the Smith papers proved of immense
value. The pamphlet and newspaper holdings of the Victoria University
(Toronto) Archives were of great use. A Bengough sketch satirizing
blacks hangs m the William Lyon Mackenzie House.
Elsewhere in Ontario, the obvious centers of research were Windsor,
London, and Hamilton. The first provides, in its public library, files on the
AME and BME churches, on black activities in the area, and on Amherstburg’s churches and schools. Several private individuals made available to
me family letters, genealogical charts, marginally annotated books, and
maps while the Hiram Walker Historical Museum also possesses maps
miscellaneous Negro papers, and lists of black settlers. Nearby, in the Amerstburg Public Library, the tiny Boyle Collection attested to the presence
of the early missionaries, while the museum of the Fort Malden National
Historical Park offered the account book of David McLaren Kemp, an
undertaker who was racially conscious, the F. C. B. Fall and Farney papers,
assessment rolls, Amherstburg deeds, and miscellaneous fugitive slave
and genealogy files.
507
The second city, London, provides unpublished local histories in both
S6 -!b lCJuar!! and at
University of Western Ontario, while the
Hamfiton Public Library holds a number of Negro-related scrapbooks and
G. C. Porter s manuscript history of the area. McMaster University, in
Hamilton, houses the Canadian Baptist Historical Association collection.
This includes James W. Johanson’s manuscript history of the Amherst
burg Association, 1841-61, the minute book of the Sandwich Baptist
Church, and the minutes of the Western Regular Baptist Association.
Local libraries in Ontario, the province to which the majority of fugitive
slaves fled, cannot be ignored. The Barrie and Orillia public libraries the
Suncoe County Surrogate Court Office (in Barrie), the Norfolk, Lennox
and Addington, and Oxford historical societies, as well as those of Lundy’s
Lane and Thunder Bay (the latter in Port Arthur), and the ChathamKent Museum in Chatham, all hold relevant manuscripts. The last also has
books from William King’s library; and Uncle Tom’s Cabin Museum
near Dresden, displays playbills and artifacts relating to Henson. The of
fice of the Board of Education in Chatham, in the minutes of the Board
of Public School Trustees, and the Grant African Methodist Episcopal
Church in London, through its church records, helped fill in lacunae in
the local story.
The Maritime archives were of slightly less importance. The Public
Archives of Nova Scotia holds individual files on several early settlers
transcripts from the Carleton papers, the diaries of Simeon Perkins (now
available in carefully edited form), a copy of the first volume of John
Clarkson’s diary, an Etter family genealogy, several Ward Chipman papers
and typescript local histories. Unfortunately, the papers of William s’
Fielding remain closed to researchers. Also in Halifax, the public library
m its local history collection, and the provincial library, in its newspaper
holdings, proved of great help. The Cambridge Maritime Military Library
has compiled a file on William Hall, V.C. The libraries of Saint Francis
Xavier University in Antigomsh and Acadia University in Wolfville the
last incorporating the Maritime Baptist Historical Collection, also yielded
scarce pamphlets and journals; and the Colchester Registry Office in
Truro has a relevant registry book. The office of the Halifax ChronicleHerald holds clippings on the singer, Portia White. I am particularly grate
ful to Marjory Whitelaw of Pictou, who loaned me seven reels of taped
reminiscences of, and conversations with, Negroes living in Nova Scotia
in the 1960s.
In New Brunswick, the provincial museum in Saint John provided
papers and files on the Eastman, Hazen, Mayes, Odell, Thompson, and
etsel famihes, and some surviving Chipman papers, together with
numerous scrapbooks. In Fredericton, the University of New Brunswick,
�508
A Note on Sources
the legislative library, and the Rectory office of Christ’s Church, hold local
registers, wills, and minutes. The Saint John Public library has several files
on local Negro activities. The Woodstock Public Library has a small col
lection of petitions. The Charlottetown, P.E.I., Public Library offered
typescript local histories which attest to early Negro arrivals.
In Quebec, Negro-related private materials were less frequent than one
would expect. The Chateau de Ramezay, in Montreal, has a manuscript
record on slavery in New France, while the Archives du Palais de Justice
attest to sales, births, marriages, baptisms, deaths, and burials. The Mc
Cord Museum of McGill University, in the Porteous Manuscripts, and the
McGill University Library in its local history materials, were of some
value. The provincial archives in Quebec hold the manuscript second vol
ume to Marcel Trudel’s study, wills and other actuarial records, and tran
scripts of the Ordres du Roi. The Brome County Historical Society in
Knowlton offers local manuscripts and files. The single most valuable col
lection in the province, however, is one not generally open to the public:
the records of the Canadian Labour Congress’s Joint Advisory Commit
tee on Human Relations, originally kept at the Workman’s Circle Center
in Montreal. Extensive and highly revealing, these records tell of annual
trips into the Maritime Provinces, as well as within Quebec, to note and
combat instances of overt discrimination. These, together with folders on
discrimination in the Toronto office of the Human Rights Commission,
provided the single greatest non-newspaper source of data on the 1950s
and early 1960s. The collection includes mimeographed reports on activities, normally issued eleven times a year, files of local union news
papers, newsletters of municipal employee groups, and carbons of correspondence with representatives in the field. In the end, relatively little
of this material was incorporated into the present study since the decision
was made to limit it largely to the years before 1960.
Across western Canada private collections helped tell the story of Negro
settlement, although interviews proved to be the most valuable source for
the prairie and mountain provinces since most settlement was within
the memory of living men. The Archives of British Columbia hold the
reminiscences of John Sebastian Helmcken, the diaries and account books
of Wellington D. Moses, the diary, correspondence, and record books of
Edward Cridge, the diaries of Reverend Ebenezer Robson and of Augus
tus F. Pemberton, the South Saanich Public School Visitor’s Journal, tran
scripts relating to the Colonial Missionary Society, several questionnaires
directed to early pioneers, and letters written by J. S. Matthews concerning early black settlers. The Vancouver City Archives, in the Vancouver
Public Library, has other Matthews correspondence and local clipping
files, and Victoria’s City Hall gave me documents signed by Mifflin Wistar
A Note on Sources
509
Gibbs, which I will deposit with the Yale University Library. L_.
The
University of British Columbia and Victoria University, in Victoria, hold
scarce pamphlets. The Central Saanich Baptist Church records, in that
church, attest to other Negro settlers, while the Nanaimo Archives has a
smgle document on
Stark family. Interviews on Saltspring Island,
as well as in Vancouver, proved of great importance.
On the prairies, private papers were less useful. The Glenbow Foundation Archives, in Calgary, holds typescripts and taped interviews with
Nettie Ware and seven other black settlers, related papers, and letters on
the settlements. The Edmonton Public Library has a clipping file on the
Ware family, and the Rutherford Library at the University of Alberta, in
Edmonton, has several manuscript local histories. So, too, does the
Saskatchewan Legislative Library, the University of Saskatchewan, and
the North Battleford and Moose Jaw public libraries. Again, interviews
in Amber Valley, Breton, Wildwood, Lloydminster, and Calgary, Alberta
and in Maidstone and Battleford, Saskatchewan, proved of greater value.
In Great Britain records are voluminous, cherished, yet nonetheless not
so well cared for as in North America. Most collections in the British
Museum take on a semiofficial character, as with the Bright, Clarkson,
Chatham, Cobden, Haldimand, Layard, Liverpool, Peel, and Sturge
papers. The BM reading room is unparalleled, of course, for yielding up
rare pamphlets, such as the annual reports of the Sierra Leone Company
or the Elgin Association; odd copies of the Nova Scotia Packet for 1786,
almanacks, and other printed primary sources. The Archives of the Hud
son’s Bay Company, at London’s Beaver House, provided many references
to Negroes in the fur trade. Somerset House on the Strand, through its
wills; the College of Arms, in its modest Joseph Brant file; the West India
Committee Library, in the minutes of that body for the nineteenth century;
the visitor’s register in the Lambeth Palace Library; and the Estlin Papers
in Dr. Williams Library—all in London, also proved helpful. University
College, London, houses the papers of Lord Brougham, which fortunately
include a full, annotated index to that collection’s fifty thousand letters.
Of particular value for this study were the various archives and libraries
of the London-based missionary societies. The Society for the Propagation
of the Gospel was exceptionally important. It holds the account and
minute books of the Associates of Dr. Bray, the Canadian Papers of that
group, abstracts of proceedings, the journals and reports of the SPG, and
special West African and Nova Scotian files, together with the Houseal cor
respondence and many pamphlets. The original SPG letters from Nova
Scotia are contained in a file box labeled “Dr. Bray’s Associates, Canadian
Papers.” While most of this material is now on microfilm at the PAC, the
film is unusually difficult to use, and one is well advised to consult the
�510
A Note on Sources
originals if at all possible. The Muniment Room of the Methodist Mis
sionary Society holds twenty boxes of letters from the Canadian colonies
to London, of which six were pertinent. (All are on microfilm in the United
Church of Canada Archives at Victoria University, Toronto.) The Society
for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge preserves annual reports and
lists of votes for grants of money; the Church Missionary Society held
relevant journals; and Friends’ House contains letters to and from Phila
delphia that proved relevant, as well as the journals of John Candler and
his wife.
The other great classification of records in Britain upon which I drew
were those of antislavery groups. By far the most important is the large
antislavery collection at Rhodes House, Oxford. This consists of most of
the papers of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society (and the AntiSlavery and Aborigines Protection Society), which are systematically
transferred from the latter body’s headquarters at Denison House, in Lon
don, to Rhodes House, every ten years. (The Society retains a small re
search library, the Thomas Binns Collection of pamphlets, some reports
of the Sierra Leone Company, and a modern file on Sierra Leone for the
period of independence.) Rhodes House holds the early minute books,
memorials and petitions, correspondence, and files of the printed Annual
Reports and of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Reporter, from 1840.
These papers were acquired in 1951. To them have been added manuscripts on the South African Labour Corps of World War I, which grew
from an offshoot of the Society—the Committee for the Welfare of Afri
cans in Europe—and manuscripts relating to Indians in Canada. The antislavery papers have been edited and microfilmed, with an introduction by
Howard R. Temperley, the author of a forthcoming study on the AngloAmerican antislavery connection which I have read in manuscript.
Elsewhere in the United Kingdom one finds a variety of lesser collec
tions. The Earl Fitzwilliam Papers, in the Sheffield Central Library
Archives, and other Fitzwilliam Papers in the Northamptonshire Record
Office at Delapre Abbey, were relevant to the story of Sir John Went
worth. The Southampton Civic Record Office has made available the papers
of George S. Smyth. Wilberforce House, at Kingston upon Hull, the Ips
wich Central Library, and the East Suffolk and Ipswich Record Office in
Ipswich hold papers of the ubiquitous Thomas Clarkson. Other Clarkson
letters are in the hands of Thomas Hodgkin, of Oxford, who was kind
enough to grant me access to them at his home in Umington; and in the
Granville Sharp papers, at Hardwicke Court, Gloucester, which LieutenantColonel A. Lloyd-Baker, their owner, made available. The John Rylands
Library in Manchester has some George Thompson materials and the
Crawford Muniments, containing letters written by Earl Balcarres. The
Royal Archivist at Windsor Castle consulted the appointments book of
A Note on Sources
511
Queen Victoria for me, while the Greenwich Naval Library microfilmed
the log of the Sandown, which touches upon the Asia. The National
Library of Scotland, in Edinburgh, has the Edward Ellice Papers, while
the papers of the Earl of Dalhousie, in the Scottish Record Office, contain
correspondence with Bathurst for the Refugee period. The County Archives
of the East Riding of Yorkshire, in Beverley, holds one such letter. There
are Simcoe Papers in the National Library of Wales in Aberystwyth and in
the Devon Record Office, Exeter. A petition from Hitchin, Herts., relating
to the fugitive slaves in Canada, listed by Charles O. Paullin and Frederic
L. Paxson in their 1914 Guide to the Manuscripts in London Archives for
the History of the United States since 1783 (Washington), as being in the
House of Lords Papers, could not be traced.
Some records that one would like to consult are apparently gone for
ever. We know that the papers of Reverend Daniel Cock, as well as most
of those of Benjamin Lundy, were destroyed by fire. None of the original
records of the Anti-Slavery Society of Canada have been preserved out
side the George Brown papers. The papers of Sam Hughes appear not to
have survived in any quantity. Materials relating to T. B. Macaulay are
said to exist in a garage in suburban Montreal although efforts to gain
access to them failed. While the widows of both Marcus Garvey and Rich
ard Wright sent me various printed materials, they were unable to make
available any manuscript collections. No references to the Fort Erie meet
ing survive in the papers of W. E. B. DuBois, now in the hands of Herbert
Aptheker, who kindly searched them for me. One could also wish
that registers of marriage had been kept in Ontario prior to 1867, but they
were not, and thus only Anglican and Roman Catholic interracial marriages could be documented for Canada West.
Archives in other lands proved of marginal utility. In Bermuda, the
Bahamas, and Jamaica, local archives, public libraries, and churches
yielded records relating to the period when Canadian-West Indian Union
was under desultory discussion. This documentation is cited in my recent
short monograph, subtitled A Forty-Year Minuet (London, 1968). The
Jamaican Institute, the public library of Montego Bay, and the University
of the West Indies hold rare printed materials on the Maroon Wars. The
Sierra Leone Archives, in Freetown, contain John Clarkson’s draft diary,
while the library of the University of Sierra Leone has the diaries of
George Ross. In Freetown I interviewed some members of the Sierra
Leone Settlers’ Descendents League. In Bathurst, The Gambia, I passed
an exciting week in anticipation while working through the archives—then
totally unorganized and strewn about a small shed—to find only two docu
ments relating to the Nova Scotians, duplicated elsewhere. By chance, the
diary of Thomas Haweis, in the Mitchell Library, Sydney, Australia, while
being searched for another purpose, helped to confirm one aspect of the
�J14
A Note on Sources
Nova Scotian migration. In Paris, visits to the Bibliotheque Nationale, the
Archives Nationale, and related archives confirmed that the transcripts
(many handwritten) in the PAC and in Quebec were full and accurate
Finally, one must note other papers which remain in private hands but
which nonetheless were made available to me, in addition to those men
tioned above. Fred Landon’s private collection, to which that devoted
scholar gave all interested historians ready access, proved to be of great
value, especially on the 1840s and 1850s. Consulted in Professor Landon s home in London, Ontario, these materials have been transfered si
nee
his death in 1969 to the University of Western Ontario. Of only slightly
less value were the records kept in the Cornwallis Street Baptist Church
in Halifax. These include the reports of the African Association of Nova
Scotia, and also of the Nova Scotia Association for the Advancement
of Colored People together with extensive church records. Other churches
in British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, and Nova Scotia also opened up
their records. The documents of the Negro Community Centre in Monfreal, made selectively available by Stanley Cylke, and those of the
Canadian Labour Congress, discussed above, were particularly useful So
too was the private collection of Mr. Alvin McCurdy of Amherstburg who
has drawn together many local records on the Negro community along the
Detroit River. At the Harvard School of Public Health I was given unrestneted access to the original research transcripts of the “Stirling County”
project, which includes raw data on Negro residents in Digby County, Nova
acoua.
1 advertized for individuals to come forward with materials, and a number did so In this way files, letters, and clippings were made available on
Matthew Henson, by Herbert M. Frisby of Baltimore; on John Ware bv
ettie Ware of Kirkaldy, Alberta; on Henry Yandusen, an early black
settler, by Glen Ladd of Dresden; on J. B. Harkin, by Miss Dora Barber
of Ottawa; on Negro Freemasonry in Canada, by Reginald V. Harris of
Halifax; and on the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and the British
Columbia Association for the Advancement of Colored People, by Frank
Collms of Burnaby. Mrs. Keith Staebler loaned her notes on New Road
and her letters to her husband, written at the time; the Reverend William P.
G l!f’ f1S,h°P W- L WaUs> and Reverends Charles Este and Winston
• H. Clarke, as well as Messrs. Stanley G. Grizzle and Daniel G Hill all
made personal items available. Cecil Flarmsworth King kindly permitted’the
author to examine his copy of John Clarkson’s diary in his office at the
London Daily Mirror. (This diary has since gone to the University of
Illinois.) Many others wrote letters of reminiscence, provided references
sent clippings from local newsapers, and simply offered encouragement in
response to my appeals printed in a variety of j'ournals.
A Note on Sources
513
Printed Materials
been indiciateddabovpOIAeS vT
^ scarce Published materials have
. f
. . e' A Wlde vanety
printed sources, especially annual
reports of societies and government agencies, is cited in the notel These
18971 fr?i> It6 leSU!‘ Relations and AUied Documents (Cleveland
211; ed:ted^y Reuben Gold Thwaites> through the annual reports of
die Education Department of Nova Scotia. Wherever possible the originals
bv Pauff rnatenals have been consulted, as with the Relation of 1632,
d n ‘1 Je.une; Whl^h ,s ln the John Carter Brown Library in Provi°f parUcular value were the annual reports of the Canadian League
n7th \r v"CeTn
C° °red People’ of the United Baptist Convention
bers 3
T
°£ ““ Elgin Associatio11 (°f which only numbers 3, 4, 6-7, and 10-11 appear to have survived,
although number 2 is
quoted in the Voice of the Fugitive for November 5, 1851, and number 5
m Bcnjamms Drews work), and of the British Columbia Association for
the Advancement of Colored People. Some reports that one expected to
p °f value—those of the Upper Canada Committee of the Society for the
Propaga ion of the Gospel m Foreign Parts, for example—proved of little
use whde others that one ordinarily would pass over (the Proceedings of
the Semi-Annual and Annual Session of the Grand Lodge of A.F and A
A widT °
fT ' - ' } W6re f0Und t0 conta“ Negro-related records.
A wide range of almanacs, maps, novels, artifacts (as with Negro berry bas
kets preserved in the Citadel Museum in Halifax), and “association items”
!nn-'cTCr^ , ,° be!onging to John Scoble> or l°^s of Thomas Clarkson s hair) helped to demonstrate a relationship, an activity, or an attitude.
Other contemporary materials are less difficult to find. The British
Canadian, and provincial Hansard’s, for example, provide most of the
evidence on the legislative record. The published accounts by fugitive
Josiah FT
^ 7w7 WeUS Br°Wn’ Uwis Clarke- Frederick Douglass,
osiah Henson, J. W. Loguen, Austm Steward, or Samuel Ringgold Ward
ell WC°ntem^r7 cW°rks of Beniamin Drew, Levi Coffin, Samuel
Tosenhy<S°We’ 7?“ { E' Lmt0n’ Harriet Beecher Stowe, Charles Stuart,
Joseph Stage, and others, are all central to this study. The value of most
of these is mdicated at the appropriate places in the
notes.
Newspapers
and
Magazines
While newspapers are a particularly valuable source for the historian
they also present special problems. Full files of any except the major met
ropolitan papers are not likely to have survived and if one wishes to con
sult an entire run of a single newspaper, issues often must be pieced
•
�?
514
A Note on Sources
together from a variety of locations. Viewed as a source of data, a single
issue of a single paper has its values; viewed, as in this study, as a source
of public opinion, and as a molder of that opinion as well, longer and co
herent runs of a paper are essential. Before accepting a news item, the
historian must do what he can to verify its version against other types of
sources or, failing such sources, against another newspaper. The re
searcher must know of the newspaper’s ownership, the politics of its man
agement and of its editors, the extent to which it may be dependent upon
advertising revenue for survival, and the nature of its readership. Ob
viously, news concerning Negro activities that appears in a Negro news
paper differs from news that appears in an anti-Negro paper. Equally
obviously, the estimate given to the size of an abolitionist meeting by the
antislavery Toronto Globe is to be set off against an estimate provided by
the anti-abolitionist Toronto Leader, although not necessarily equally. The
editorial opinions of Toronto’s Christian Guardian will spring from differ
ent sources than the opinions expressed by a secular press. And one must
view distinctions within their time, for most nineteenth-century newspapers
in North America, even if overtly secular, employed biblical and racial
rhetoric on their editorial pages.
Apart from the problem of interpretation there is, when dealing with
the press of the last century and a half, the added problem of quantity.
The nineteenth century was a time of thriving local newspapers, and for
a full understanding of what Canadians read about black men (or about
events which would have given rise to thoughts about black men, as re
porting on the Civil War and Reconstruction in the United States did),
one might reasonably be expected to examine many dozens of titles. In
the twentieth century, with the growth of massive Sunday newspapers, of
supplements, and of advertising, the researcher must contend with a bulk
beyond the capacity of any one person. Yet these newspapers demand
examination, for on their editorial pages, in their news items, among the
social notes, through those letters to the editor which they chose to print,
and even in the products they advertized, one may find frequent suggestions
of racial awareness. A full content analysis of the Canadian press on this
subject would be a lengthy study in itself (and very possibly not worth
while).
Accordingly, I narrowed the range of research in two ways. Leaving
myself thirty-two newspapers which I examined personally and—to the
extent that complete files were available—on an issue-by-issue basis, I
chose forty-five other newspapers, largely weeklies, which both I and
bursary assistants examined on the basis of specific known events, or in
the light of a bulking of Negro-related news items in the initial twentythree papers. These thus came to comprise a “control” group. Further,
since it quickly became apparent that no single researcher could keep
A Note on Sources
515
abreast of press opinion and news items in the decade of the 1960s (dur
ing which time this investigation was made) while carrying out other re
search as well, I sought professional help. From 1960 to 1968 the
Canadian Press Clipping Service of Toronto supplied weekly sets of material drawn from the entire spectrum of the Canadian press, including
all items referring to Negroes—whether in the United States or Canada—
and to discrimination, against whatever group. The specific newspapers
drawn upon, 210 titles in all, are indicated seriatim in the footnotes. A
full list would be superfluous here, as well as unduly cumbersome,
especially since masthead titles often changed two or three times. These
clippings have also been given to the Schomburg Collection.
Certain newspapers were of particular help. Fortunately, many are now
available on microfilm from the Canadian Library Association; and the
Public Archives of Canada, which has runs of all those on film, will loan
its microfilm holdings. The Ontario Public Archives provides many others.
In this way one could examine, for example, the Amherstburg Echo for
1888-1949, the Charlottetown Islander for 1853-65, the Chatham
Journal for 1841-44, the Chatham Planet for 1850-58, The Christian
Guardian for 1837-39, the Fredericton New Brunswick Royal Gazette for
1786-1816, the Halifax Acadian Recorder for 1813-1919, the Halifax
Herald for 1897-1938, the Halifax Journal for 1796-1817, the Halifax
Morning Chronicle for 1884-1969, the Halifax Novascotian for 1841-47,
the Halifax Royal Gazette for 1752-1824, the Hamilton Spectator for
1916-47, the London Free Press for 1859-1969, the Montreal Gazette
for 1840-1969, the Montreal Witness for 1846-54, the Quebec Gazette
for 1768-94, the Saint John Globe for 1847-1912, the Saint John New
Brunswick Courier for 1849-52, the Saint John Royal Gazette for 17841800, the Toronto Globe for 1850-1969 (in later years the Globe &
Mail), the Toronto Financial Post for 1942-69, the Toronto Mail and
Empire for 1911-28, the Toronto Star for 1930-65, the Toronto Tele
gram for 1924-69, the Vancouver Province for 1935-69, the Victoria
Colonist for 1859-1969, the Victoria Daily Evening Express for 1863-65,
and the York Upper Canada Gazette for 1793-1838. The Maidstone Mirror
for 1943-53 is on microfilm in the Saskatchewan archives. Joseph Howe’s
personal copies of The Nova Scotia Chronicle and Weekly Advertiser,
together with the Nova Scotia Gazette and Weekly Chronicle, both from
Halifax, are in the PANS. For background on many of these papers at mid
nineteenth century, see Helen Elliot, comp., Fate, Hope and Editorials:
Contemporary Accounts and Opinions in the Newspapers, 1862-1873,
Microfilmed by the CLA/ACB Microfilm Project (Ottawa, 1967).
Another approach was to examine, in so far as possible, all of the press
of a single key community. For this purpose Windsor was chosen, and
extant files of the Windsor Herald, Daily Star, and Daily Record, were
�516
A Note on Sources
consulted. For Halifax, in addition to the papers cited above, the Nova
Scotia Packet, Weekly Chronicle, Mail-Star, Herald, and Evening Mail
were used.
Particularly important, of course, were the abolitionist newspapers. In
Canada these were the Voice of the Fugitive, published in Windsor from
1851 to 1852 (with a file in the Burton Historical Collection of the Detroit
Public Library); The Provincial Freeman, from Chatham, 1853-ca. 1857
(the originals of which are in the University of Pennsylvania Library), the
short-lived Voice of the Bondsman, from Stratford (with a single 1856
copy surviving in the library of the University of Western Ontario), and
The True Royalist, of Hamilton (of which two copies may be found in
the Fort Malden Museum). In the United States there were far more such
newspapers, and they have survived longer. Those that were searched (al
though there is much duplicated content among them) were the National
Anti-Slavery Standard from New York, 1840-70 (New York Public Li
brary), The Friend of Man, 1836-38 (on film), Garrison’s Boston-based
Liberator, 1831-65, The Oberlin Evangelist for 1848-53 only, The AntiSlavery Record, New York, 1835-37, Anti-Slavery Examiner, New York,
1836-45, American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Reporter, New York,
1840-46, Anti-Slavery Lecturer, from Utica, N.Y., 1839, The Emanci
pator, New York, 1834—49, and the National Anti-Slavery Bazaar, Boston,
1845-50 (all at Yale); The Genius of Universal Emancipation, Benjamin
Lundy’s parapetetic newspaper, 1821—39 (The Johns Hopkins University
Library); and Frederick Douglass’ Paper, for 1853, and the Salem, Ohio,
Anti-Slavery Bugle, 1845-60 (both LC). Also consulted was the New
York Herald for 1854—71, which is not cited in the footnotes since it was
drawn upon heavily in a previous book by the author, and since most of
its news items on Negro activities in Canada were reprinted from other
sources. Of the greatest value was the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery
Reporter to which ‘and Aborigines Friend' was later added, published in
London 1840-1966 (Yale University Library, 1840-57, 1859-67, and
1857—59 on microfilm).
American and Canadian Negro newspapers were a chief source of in
formation and opinion. All Canadian Negro newspapers and magazines,
as discussed in Chapter 13, were researched on an issue-for-issue basis.
Locations of files are discussed in the notes to that chapter. Of some sixtythree American Negro newspapers available on microfilm by 1968,
eighteen were used. Those that proved to be helpful were the St. Paul
Appeal and St. Paul Broad Axe (not to be confused with the Chicago Broad
Ax, which was also consulted), The Elevator, from San Francisco, in which
Mifflin Wistar Gibb’s articles appeared, New York’s Amsterdam News, the
Pittsburg Courier, the Detroit Plaindealer, and the Cleveland Gazette.
A Note on Sources
517
Several newspapers were used at the office of the papers themselves, on
occasion with the aid of an informal index compiled locally for in-house
purposes. That this method of approach was useful may be shown by the
Saint John Telegraph. Two important items relating to the Refugee
Negroes of the 1820s, drawn from reminiscences of early settlers in Nova
Scotia, appeared in issues in 1875 and 1884. The New Freeman, a Roman
Catholic newspaper, also of Saint John, and read in that paper’s library,
first revealed in its issues for 1903 the controversy with Neith magazine’
as related in Chapter 13. The Toronto Star's clipping file proved of great
use as well. Regrettably, two files of newspapers that might well have en
riched the story told here were not found: The Truro News, of which only
a post-1949 run survives in that paper’s office, following upon a fire in
that year; and the Dresden Times, published weekly from 1872 into the
1890s.
Magazines, like newspapers, are organs of opinion. The number of
articles on Negro-related subjects, as well as their content, is one index
to the degree of interest in the “Negro problem.” Articles on race relations
in the United States, appearing in contemporary Canadian periodicals__
Atlantic Advocate, Commentary, Canadian Forum, Canada Week,
Maclean's, Saturday Night—reveal much about the use of the Negro as a
metaphor in the relations between the two countries. Articles in welfareoriented journals, such as Canadian Labour Reports, the Journals of Edu
cation for both Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canadian Welfare, L'Action
nationale, The Labour Gazette, The Journal of the Y.M.C.A., The Angli
can, or The United Church Record and Missionary Review, increasingly
contain Negro-related materials. American journals, especially in the nine
teenth century, had occasion to report on the progress of the fugitives in
Canada and, later, on race relations in the Dominion. Thus, Atlantic
Monthly, The Chautauquan, The Literary Digest, The Living Age, the New
York Times Magazine, The North American Review, Outlook, Scribner's
and The Southern Workman, all contain relevant matter. So, too, do reli
gious periodicals in both countries: Acadia Bulletin, American Missionary,
The [Canadian] Baptist Magazine and Missionary Register, Canadian
Christian, Canadian Evangelist, Freewill Baptist Quarterly, Gospel Tribune
and Christian Communionist, The Maritime Baptist, The United Church
Observer, the Upper Canada Baptist Missionary Magazine, and several
others. The most important British publications were the American Baptist
Free Mission Society (seen in the American Antiquarian Society),
Arminian Magazine, Baptist Annual Register, The Colonial Protestant,
Free Church of Scotland Monthly, and Herald of Peace. British and
Canadian popular periodicals were of substantial help'. These include
�518
A Note on Sources
A Note on Sources
519
Of Riches (1957) or The Innocent Traveller (1949) respectivelv Still
clnadiln erilS,S;
Anglo-American Magazine, Canadian Antiquarian,
prrj
Il‘ustrfed News- Canadian Magazine, The European Magazine
Monthlv’l d yp Cana?en‘ The Imperial Magazine, Knox College
Journal'TheTn
The Maple Lea<- Numismatic
Z ,'T
A Llterary and AntiSl™ery Journal, and The Unirsity agazine. Special interest publications were often of value- Ca
nadian Cigar and Tobacco Journal, Canada-West Indies Magazine, McDuff
!ro, r';
v?" Merchant, West India Commercial Cir-
cuiar, or the New York organ of the Ku Klux Klan, the American
Standard.
fun?seSdatA°nS °f \nd fM Canadiaa and American Negroes were careMly searched. Among these were those magazines discussed in Chapter 13
journal rt AtS A/kan In!erpreter’ African Repository and Colonial
i
, ' _ Afro~Ame/ican Magazine, The AME Church Review Amherstburg Quarterly Mission Journal, The Black Man, The Black Worker
c2Ze/r!nenCanr Challense’ The stored American Magazine, The
Th M Ha,vesl- Crisis, Ebony, The Freedman’s Advocate, The Informer
PalmTh^’v68™ Dl8eSt (D0W BlaCk W°rld)’ Negr0 World> Pine and
Palm, The Spoken Word," and The Street Speaker.
Most of the above were consulted at the Library of Congress the Yale
University Lib™,, ,b, British Mnsenm, or the&hombTJ CoM™
Exceptions are the Canadian religious periodicals, read in the New York
Pubhc Library, at Acadia University, McMaster University, the Union
SoStTtP S”r{/New Y°* City), the American Bapiist Historic^
y ( ochester, New York), or the Southwestern Baptist Theological
v^Tvh F°rlWonh)- Four earlier journals were consulted at the Har
vard library: American Baptist Magazine and Missiona,y Intelligencer
nublSdSe“sBatptlS‘ Maftme, Massachusetts Missionary Magazine (all
published m Boston), and Vermont Baptist Missionary Magazine
(Ruttwe^fl
J’°UrAnaIS gave
t0 othera> of a secular nature, in the
twentieth century. Again, as m the 1920s so in the 1960s, Canadian fiction
m magazines and books reflected continental norms, and the black man was
set to play the same roles in Canadian as in American fiction. Negroes be
gan to appear with regularity in Canadian novels, still as stock figures but
now supporting °*T stereotyPes- Mazo de la Roche wrote her poorest
h k’!fr0miP8 at Jahla (1961). about pro-Southern Canadians during the
r
Civil War; Ernest Buckler, a highly regarded Maritime novelist, was to
prove unexpectedly graceless when he attempted to hint at prejudice in
Nova Scotia’s classrooms in his 1959 short story, “Long, Long after School”
(A fanttc Advocate, 52 [1959], 42-44); and even GabrieUe Roy and Ethel
Wilson, fastidious writers both, could not bring black men to life in Street
D.«, ,„d tvtog L„lm,
r„ -rs-sri«2r- “d ^ i»«"
L™‘
undesirable Negroes, so did lib.,1
men
novels: The Apprenticeship of Daddy KravTtz (1959) r/! .SUCCessi011 °f
(1963), and CociW (1968) It wa left to 1’
Ineom*rdHe
srr “
covertly and frequently overtly-had become part of tte
baggage for the Canadian of the 1960s, a far wfder range ofmaterids S
.h...*h te
Zta p=Jddts^™ d”i «S
o?r“! ,0,bl'Clt-Whl“ "“«=>">■'- Few r«LS ,„ fa,t ,o nS
of the journals mentioned above, have been incorporated into the footnotes
rightly the provmce of the social scientist than of the humanist*1*10118 m°le
I
Still, , not all knowledge arises from the printed word. Interviews with
mo„
many dozens: of Canadian Negroes, from Cape Breton Uland to Vancou
!!L“’ fPSd t0 Provide a background of attitudes, recollections
regrets, and pleasures for the post-1865 years. Seldom
’
was I refused the
�1
I
520
A Note on Sources
gift of time, attention, and of being taken seriously; often this gift was
accompanied by a willingness to bring out faded photographs, wedding
invitations, and family Bibles, the visual evidence of a past that was
thought worth remembering. Such items are not “documents” to add to the
piling of note upon note—no more than the casual conversation with a
black laborer, a sidewalk artist, or a school custodian may be—but they
provide above all the interest and the pleasure to sustain the more traditional search for evidence. There are many thousands of Negroes in
Canada to whom I was not able to talk, and this study is the weaker for
that. It is nonetheless much the stronger for the help of those with whom
I could talk, for the fact that no one appeared to feel that the end result
would lack “relevance” to the continuing black experience.
These contacts often took place at the scenes of events described in
this book, for no archive can provide a substitute for traversing the ground
of history itself. One must see for oneself precisely where William King’s
house stood, or William Peyton Hubbard was buried, or John Clarkson
spoke to the assembled Nova Scotians. To see the Cockpit Country of
Jamaica; to view Freetown from the heights above Fourah Bay; to write
upon a table in Kingston upon Hull where Wilberforce wrote—in short, to
experience the place, the sight, and occasionally the sound of history is to
remind oneself that the historian must always use that slight gift of intuition
which makes the leaps of faith he takes between evidence and conclusion
possible. It is in such places and moments as these, as well as in the con
tinuing chase within the confines of an archive, that the historian must
ever seek his pleasure and his sole reward.
Index
In the index, as well as the text, hyphens appear in French-Canadian names when
their owners generally used them, and otherwise not. Place names in Canada but not
stanhvCHnameS d“Where’ are indexed- °nly ^ose footnotes which contain sub
discussion of a point are included in the index. The maps are omitted, as is
the Note on Sources, except for pages 512 and 519-20.
Abbott, Anderson Ruffin, 328-32 passim Afro-American Press Association, 393
335, 412n41
Afro-Beacon, The, 404
Abbott, Ellen Toyer, 328-29
Agnew, Stair, 44, 108, 109
Abbott, Wilson Ruffin, 211, 212, 226 Alake of Abeokuta, 167
255, 328-29, 357, 367
Alberta: settlement in, 287; Oklahoma
Acadia University, 350, 383
Negroes in, 303, 305-06; civil rights
Activism: in the church, 351-52; growth
legislation in, 428
of, 414-68
Alcan project, 422
Adams, Elias, 258
Alexander, Arthur, 314
Adams, Grantley Herbert, 442
Alexander, Charles, 277
Addington, 133
Alexander, Lincoln, 459-60, 489, 494
Adolphustown, 33
Allan, William, 352
Africa: migrations to Sierra Leone, 44, Allen, Isaac, 44, 108, 109
56, 57, 61-78, 90-94; Bulama settle Allen, Richard, 154-55, 355
ment in, 74, 75; settlement in Liberia, Allen, William, 152
154; Canadian reaction to apartheid Amber Valley, 303, 306, 308, 381
in, 445-48
Amelia Island, 116
African Aid Society, 168
American and Foreign Anti-Slavery So
African Association of Nova Scotia, 512
ciety, 173, 263, 264
African Baptist Association of Nova American Anti-Slavery Society, 149 179
Scotia, 139
220,236,263,490
’
*
African Methodist Episcopal Church American Baptist, The, 342
(AME), 154, 231, 355-60, 394
American Baptist Anti-Slavery Conven
African Methodist Episcopal Zion
tion, 219
Church (AMEZ), 355, 359
American Baptist Free Mission Society
African Orthodox Church, 354, 415
200-03 passim, 206, 230-31, 342
African Students Association of the American Baptist Missionary Union, 342
United States and Canada, 442
American Colonization Society, 154-55
African United Baptist Association of
162, 257
*
Nova Scotia, 139, 345-48 passim, American Missionary Association
386-87
(AMA), 207-08, 224-27, 271, 397
African United Nations Emergency
American Nazi Party, 468n66
Force, 445-46
American Revolution, affect on Negroes
Africa Speaks, 404, 408-09, 412/z40
29-31,46,61
“
3
Africville, 130, 348, 383, 384, 389, 411
American Tract Society, 221, 222
420, 441, 452-56
Amherst, 27, 52
Afro-American Council, 359
Amherst, Jeffrey, 24
521
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lyman Wilmot House
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of records related to the Deerfield Public Library's research into whether or not the Wilmot house could be proved to have been a stop on the Underground Railroad.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Deerfield Public Library
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Deerfield Public Library
Publisher
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Deerfield Public Library
Date
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2002
Language
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English
Identifier
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DPL.0013
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
A Note on Sources
The Blacks in Canada: A History
Description
An account of the resource
Photocopy from The Blacks in Canada of a section entitled "A Note on Sources." Some highlighting.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Winks, Robin W.
Publisher
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Yale University Press
Date
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1971
Language
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English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013.033
A Bibliography of Antislavery in America
A Forty-Year MInuet
A Select Bibliography of the American Negro
A Side Light on Anglo-American Relations
A. Lloyd-Baker
Abby K. Foster
Aberystwyth Wales United Kingdom
Abolitionist Newspapers
Abstracts
Acadia Bulletin
Acadia Documents
Acadia University
Acadia University Library
Acadiensis Magazine
Activities
Actuarial Records
Adams Tolman
Addington Historical Society
Addington Ontario Canada
Adolphustown Canada
Advertising Revenue
Africa
Africa Speaks
African Aid Society
African American Fremasonry
African American Newspapers
African Americana
African Association of Nova Scotia
African Canadian Newspapers
African Methodist Episcopal Church
African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
African Orthodox Church
African Repository and Colonial Journal
African Students Association of the United States and Canada
African United Baptist Association of Nova Scotia
African United Nations Emergency Force
Africville
Afro-American Council
Afro-American Press Association
Alake of Abeokuta
Alaskan Highway
Alberta Canada
Alberta Churches
Alberta Civil Rights Legislation
Alberta Department of Lands and Forests
Alcan Project
Alexander Crummell
Alexander McNeilledge
Alexander Tilloch Galt
Almanacs
Alvin McCurdy
Amasa Walker
Amber Valley
Amber Valley Alberta Canada
AME Church
Amelia Harris
Amelia Island
American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Reporter
American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society
American Anti-Slavery Society
American Antiquarian Society
American Antiquarian Society Stephen and Abby K. Foster Papers
American Baptist Anti-Slavery Convention
American Baptist Free Mission Society
American Baptist Free Mission Society Magazine
American Baptist Historical Society
American Baptist Magazine and MIssionary Intelligencer
American Baptist Missionary Union
American Civil War
American Colonization Society
American Consulates
American Missionary Association
American Missionary Magazine
American Nazi Party
American Negro History Society
American Reconstruction Era
American Revolution
American Standard Magazine
American Tract Society
Amherst
Amherstburg Association
Amherstburg Churches
Amherstburg Deeds
Amherstburg Echo
Amherstburg Ontario Canada
Amherstburg Public Library
Amherstburg Public Library Boyle Collection
Amherstburg Quarterly Mission Journal
Amherstburg Schools
Amos A. Lawrence
Amos A. Phelps
Amsterdam News
Anderson Ruffin Abbott
Angelina Grimke
Anglican Church
Anglican Interracial Marriages
Anglo-American Antislavery Connection
Ann Arbor Michigan
Anne Heloise Abel
Annotated Books
Annual Reports
Anthony Burns
Anti-Black Bias
Anti-Black Bias in History
Anti-Slavery and Aborigines Protection Society
Anti-Slavery Bugel
Anti-Slavery Examiner
Anti-Slavery in America from the Introduction of African Slaves to the Prohibition of the Slave Trade
Anti-Slavery Lecturer
Anti-Slavery Society of Canada
Antigonish Nova Scotia Canada
Antislavery Groups
Antislavery Pamphlets
Antislavery Societies
Apartheid
Archives
Archives du Palais de Justice
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Arminian Magazine
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Artifacts
Asia
Assessment Rolls
Atlanta Georgia
Atlanta University
Atlantic Advocate Magazine
Atlantic Monthly Magazine
Auburn New York
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Autobiography
Aux Cayes Haiti
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Bahamas
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Baptisms
Baptist Annual Register
Barrie Ontario Canada
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Bathurst
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Beaver House
Bengough
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Berea College
Bermuda
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Biased Histories
Bibliotheque Nationale
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Births
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Boston Athenaeum Library
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Breton Alberta Canada
British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Reporter
British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Reporter and Aborigines Friend
British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society
British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society Committee for the Welfare of Africans in Europe
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British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society Thomas Binns Collection
British Colonial Office
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British Museum
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British Periodicals
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Certificates of TItle
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Chateau de Ramezay
Chatham Board of Education
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Chatham Board of Public School Trustees Meeting Minutes
Chatham Journal
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Chatham Planet
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Chicago Broad Ax
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Chipman
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Columbia University James T. Shotwell Collection
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Columbus Ohio
Commentary Magazine
Concord Free Public Library
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Concord Massachusetts
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Continental Congress
Cornell University
Cornell University Autograph Collection
Cornell University College Papers
Cornell University Samuel J. May Antislavery Pamphlet File
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Correspondence
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Death Certificates
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Denison House
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Discrimination
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Fort Erie
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john Sherman
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Joshua R. Giddings
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Journals
Julia Ward Howe
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Kentucky
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Knox College Monthly
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Land Records
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Leipzig Germany
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Letters of James Gillispie Birney
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Lundy's Lane Ontario Canada
Lydia Maria Child
M.L. Bondam
Maclean's Magazine
Magazines
Magdalen College
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Maine Historical Society
Maine Historical Society Robert Trelawny Collection
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Manuscript
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manuscripts
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Mary Church Terrell
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Massachusetts Baptist Magazine
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Mayes
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McGill University
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McGill University McCord Museum
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McMaster University
McMaster University Canadian Baptist Historical Association Collection
Methodist Missionary Society
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Mifflin Wistar Gibb
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Migration to Sierra Leone
Minnesota Historical Society
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Municipal Employee Group Newsletters
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National Anti-Slavery Bazaar
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New York Historical Society Correspondence on the Slave Trade and Slavery
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New York Historical Society Miscellaneous Canada Collection
New York Historical Society Society for Promoting Manumission of Slaves Records
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New York Library for the Performing Arts
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Norfolk Historical Society
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Onatario Department of Lands and Forests
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Pennfield Settlement
Pennsylvania Abolition Society
Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society
Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society Underground Railroad Journal
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Pennsylvania State Historical Society John Brown Papers
Pennsylvania State Historical Society Simon Gratz Collection
Personal Statements
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Public Archives of Canada Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine Papers
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T.B. Macaulay
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Texas Technological College
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The African Interpreter
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the AME Church Review
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the Spoken Word
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York County Militia
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lyman Wilmot House
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of records related to the Deerfield Public Library's research into whether or not the Wilmot house could be proved to have been a stop on the Underground Railroad.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Deerfield Public Library
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Deerfield Public Library
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Deerfield Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
List of Abbreviations
The Blacks in Canada: A History
Description
An account of the resource
Photocopy of a list of abbreviations from The Blacks in Canada: A History.
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013.030
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Winks, Robin W.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Yale University Press
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1971
American Historical Review
Boston Massachusetts
Boston Public Library
British Columbia Canada
Canada
Canadian Historical Association
Canadian Historical Review
Great Britain
Great Britain Public Record Office
Great Britain Public Record Office Colonial Office Records
Great Britain Public Record Office Foreign Office Records
Great Britain Public Record Office Home Office Records
Great Britain Public Record Office War Office Records
Halifax Nova Scotia
Journal of Negro History
London Church Missionary Society
London England
London Society for the Propagation of the Gospel
Massachusetts Historical Society
Mississippi Valley Historical Record
New Brunswick Museum
Ontario Canada
Ontario Historical Society
Ontario History
Ontario Public Archives
Ottawa Canada
Pennsylvania State Historical Society
Philadelphia Pennsylvania
Provincial Archives of British Columbia
Public Archives of Canada
Public Archives of Canada Governor General's Records
Public Archives of Nova Scotia
Royal Society of Canada
Saint John Canada
The British Museum
Toronto Canada
Toronto Public Library
United States Library of Congress
United States National Archives
Victoria British Columbia Canada
-
https://archives.deerfieldlibrary.org/files/original/0604b7b05a1863a18f5eec2d3f017520.pdf
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CANADA, with particular
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Cities and Towns — Canada
1. St. John’s
2. Sydney
3. Truro
4. Halifax
5. Guysborough
6. Digby
7. Shelburne
8. Saint John
9. Fredericton
10. Charlottetown
11. Quebec
12. Montreal
13. Ottawa
14. Kingston
15. Toronto
16. Hamilton
17. St. Catharines
18. Orillia
19. Mattawa
20. London
2 I. Chatham
22. Windsor
23. North Bay
24. Sault Ste. Marie
25. Ft. William
26. Winnipeg
27. Portage La Proirie
28. Brandon
29. Killarney
30. Emerson
3 I. Regina
32. Moose Jaw
33. Saskatoon
34. Melfort
35. Prince Albert
36. Kinistino
37. North Battleford
38. Eldon
39. Maidstone
40. Wilkie
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42. Wawota
43. Kitscoty
44. Edmonton
45. Fort Saskatchewan
46. Athabaska
47. Donatville
48. Amber Valley
49. Clyde
50. Wildwood
5 I. Chip Lake
52. Drayton Valley
53. Breton
54. Drumheller
55. Calgary
NORTH
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56. Brooks
57. Tilley
58. Cordston
59. Peoce River
60. Tete Jaune Cache
6 I. Barkerville
62. Kamloops
63. Yale
64. Hope
65. Penticton
66. New Westminster
67. Burnaby
68. Vancouver
69. Victoria
70. Prince Rupert
7 I. Esquimalt
72. Nanaimo
73. Vesuvius
74. Sidney
75. Saanich
76. Duncan
77. Ganges Harbour
78. Sooke
79. Shawnigon Lake
80. Dawson Creek
81. Whitehorse
82. Dawson
83. Leduc
WEST
TERRITORIES
ALBERTA
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1. Portland
2. Concord
3. Montpelier
4. Boston
5. Providence
6. Hartford
7. New Haven
8. Albany
9. Ballston
I0. Schenectady
11. Syracuse
12. Skaneateles
13. Rochester
14. Buffalo
15. Niagara Falls
16. Auburn
17. Utica18. New York City
19. Cleveland
20. Sandusky
2 I. Toledo
22. Oberlin
23. Columbus
24. Cincinnati
2 5. Philadelphia
26. Pittsburgh
27. Harrisburg
28, Indianapolis
29. Fountain City
30. Fort Woyne
3 I. Chicago
32. Springfield
33. Galesburg
34. Detroit
35. Pontiac
36. Flint
37. Lansing
38. Kalamazoo
39. Milwaukee
40. Waukesha
4 I. Duluth
42. St. Paul
43. Pembina
44. Havre
45. Browning
46. Bellingham
47. Seattle
48. San Francisco
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Ontario and Quebec
Towns — Ontario
1.
2.
3.
A.
5.
6.
7.
Ottowa
Cornwall
Morrisburg
Johnstown
Prescott
Edwordsburgh
Brockville
Towns — Quebec
12.
I 3.
I 4.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Cataraqui
Both
Picton
Thurlow
Adolphustown
Peterborough
Cobourg
1.
2.
3.
A.
Quebec
Trois Rivieres
Sherbrooke
Granby
8.
9.
IO.
11.
Stanstead
Lacolle
St. Armand
Fort Lennox
Towns —New York
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Port Ontario
Utico
Ogdensburg
Rome
Peterboro
Syracuse
Auburn
Oswego
Lewiston
Rochester
Buffalo
Cope Vincent
( N.H. \
5
Towns — Michigan
1. Detroit
2. Pontiac
3. Port Huron
2 3.. Toronto
24. Burnhamthorpe
25. Etobicoke
26. Port Credit
27. Oakville
28. Burlington
29. Homillon
30. Stoney Creek
3 I. Mount Hope
32. Flamboro
33. Niagaro-on-the-Lake
34. St. Catharines
35. Jordan
36. Thorold
St.Clair
37.
38.
39.
40.
4 I.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
5 I.
52.
Niagara Foils
Port Colborne
Welland
Chippawa
Fori Erie
Queenston
Brantford
Paris
Ancaster
Dundas
Golt
Preston
Woterloo
Conestogo
Guelph
Kitchener
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
Woolwich
Elora
Stratford
Woodstock
Norwich
Simcoe
59. Chorlotlevllle
60.
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62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
Port Dover
Port Rowan
Port Burwell
Port Bruce
Port Stonley
Port Talbot
St.Thomas
London
Ingersoll
Lucon
Wilberforce
Goderich
Port Elgin
Owen Sound
Mount Forest
Meaford
Coltingwood
Barrie
78. Oro
79.
80.
8 I.
82,
Orillia
Penetanguishene
Sarnia
Petrolio
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
Oil Springs
Dawn Mills
Port Lampton
Dover Center
Walloceburg
Dawn
Dresden
Shrewsbury
Horwich
Howard
Buxton (Elgin)
Raleigh
95. Chatham
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107,
108.
109.
110.
III.
Camden
Blenheim
Rondeau
Belle River
Little River
Puce River
Windsor
Essex
New Canaan
Harrow
Fort Malden
Amherstburg
Colchester
Sandwich
Gosfietd
Otterville
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lyman Wilmot House
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of records related to the Deerfield Public Library's research into whether or not the Wilmot house could be proved to have been a stop on the Underground Railroad.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Deerfield Public Library
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Deerfield Public Library
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Deerfield Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Canada, With Particular Reference to the West (Map)
Description
An account of the resource
Photocopy of maps of Canada with Highlighting
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Reproduction Drawings Limited
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013.029
Adolphusiown Ontario Canada
Alaska
Albany New York
Alberta Canada
Amber Valley Canada
Amherstburg Ontario Canada
Ancaster Ontario Canada
Athabaska Canada
Auburn New York
Ausable River
Ballston New York
Barkerville Canada
Barrie Ontario Canada
Bath Ontario Canada
Bay of Fundy
Bay of Quinte
Belle River Ontario Canada
Bellingham Montana
Blenheim Ontario Canada
Boston Massachusetts
Brandford Ontario Canada
Brandon Canada
Breton Canada
British Columbia Canada
Brockville Ontario Canada
Brome Quebec Canada
Brooks Canada
Browning Montana
Buffalo New York
Burlington Ontario Canada
Burnaby Canada
Burnhamthorpe Ontario Canada
Buxton Ontario Canada
Calgary Canada
California
Camden Ontario Canada
Canada
Cape Breton Island Canada
Cape Vincent New York
Cardston Canada
Cataraqui Ontario Canada
Charlottetown Canada
Charlotteville Ontario Canada
Chatham Canada
Chatham Ontario Canada
Chicago Illinois
Chip Lake Canada
Chippawa Ontario Canada
Cincinnati Ohio
Clarke Ontario Canada
Cleveland Ohio
Clyde Canada
Cobourg Ontario Canada
Colchester Ontario Canada
Collingwood Ontario Canada
Columbus Ohio
Concord Massachusetts
Conestogo Ontario Canada
Connecticut
Cornwall Ontario Canada
Dawn Mills Ontario Canada
Dawn Ontario Canada
Dawson Canada
Dawson Creek Canada
Delta Ontario Canada
Detroit Michigan
Detroit River
Digby Canada
Donatville Canada
Dover Center Ontario Canada
Drayton Valley Canada
Dresden Ontario Canada
Drumheller Canada
Duluth Minnesota
Duncan Canada
Dundas Ontario Canada
Edmonton Canada
Edwardsburgh Ontario Canada
Elara Ontario Canada
Eldon Canada
Elgin Ontario Canada
Emerson Canada
Esquimalt Canada
Essex Ontario Canada
Etobicoke Ontario Canada
Farnham Quebec Canada
Flamboro Ontario Canada
Flint Michigan
Fort Erie Ontario Canada
Fort Lennox Quebec Canada
Fort Malden Ontario Canada
Fort Saskatchewan Canada
Fort Wayne Indiana
Fountain City Indiana
Fredericton Canada
Ft. William Canada
Galesburg Illinois
Ganges Harbour Canada
Ganonoque Ontario Canada
Gasfield Ontario Canada
Georgian Bay
Goderich Ontario Canada
Golt Ontario Canada
Granby Quebec Canada
Grand Island
Grand River
Guelph Ontario Canada
Guysborough Canada
Halifax Canada
Hamilton Canada
Hamilton Ontario Canada
Harrisburg Pennsylvania
Harrow Ontario Canada
Hartford Connecticut
Harwich Ontario Canada
Havre Montana
Hope Canada
Howard Ontario Canada
Hudson River
Hull Quebec Canada
Huntingdon Quebec Canada
Idaho
Ile d'Orelans
Illinois
Indiana
Indianapolis Indiana
Ingersoll Ontario Canada
Iowa
Johnstown Ontario Canada
Jordan Ontario Canada
Kalamazoo Michigan
Kamloops Canada
Killarney Canada
Kingston Canada
Kingston Ontario Canada
Kinistino Canada
Kitchener Ontario Canada
Kitscoty Canada
Knowiton Quebec Canada
Labrador Canada
Lacolle Quebec Canada
Lake Erie
Lake Huron
Lake Michigan
Lake Ontario
Lake Simcoe
Lake St. Clair
Lake Superior
Lake Winnepeg
Lansing Michigan
Leduc Canada
Lewiston New York
Little River Ontario Canada
Lloydminster Canada
London Canada
London Ontario Canada
Long Point
Lucan Ontario Canada
Maidstone Canada
Maine
Manitoba Canada
Manitoulin Island
Maryland
Massachusetts
Mattawa Canada
Meaford Ontario Canada
Melfort Canada
Michigan
Milwaukee Wisconsin
Minnesota
Missisquoi Bay
Mississippi River
Montana
Montpelier Vermont
Montreal Canada
Montreal Quebec Canada
Moose Jaw Canada
Morrisburg Ontario Canada
Mount Forest Ontario Canada
Mount Hope Ontario Canada
Nanaimo Canada
Napanee Ontario Canada
New Brunswick Canada
New Canaan Ontario Canada
New Hampshire
New Haven Connecticut
New Jersey
New Westminster Canada
New York
New York City New York
Newfoundland Canada
Niagara Falls New York
Niagara Falls Ontario Canada
Niagara on the Lake Ontario Canada
Niagara River
North Battleford Canada
North Boy Canada
North Dakota
North Saskatchewan River
Northwest Territories Canada
Norwich Ontario Canada
Nova Scotia Canada
Oakville Ontario Canada
Oberlin Ohio
Ogdensburg
Ohio
Ohio River
Oil Springs Ontario Canada
Ontario Canada
Ora Ontario Canada
Oregon
Orillia Canada
Orillia Ontario Canada
Oshawa Ontario Canada
Oswego New York
Ottawa Canada
Ottawa Ontario Canada
Ottawa River
Otterville Ontario Canada
Owen Sound Ontario Canada
Paris Ontario Canada
Peace River Canada
Pembina North Dakota
Pennsylvania
Pentanguishene Ontario Canada
Penticton Canada
Peterboro New York
Petersborough Ontario Canada
Petrolia Ontario Canada
Philadelphia Pennsylvania
Picton Ontario Canada
Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
Point Pelee
Pontiac Michigan
Port Bruce Ontario Canada
Port Burwell Ontario Canada
Port Colborne Ontario Canada
Port Credit Ontario Canada
Port Dover Ontario Canada
Port Elgin Ontario Canada
Port Granby Ontario Canada
Port Hope Ontario Canada
Port Huron Michigan
Port Lampton Ontario Canada
Port Ontario New York
Port Rowan Ontario Canada
Port Stanley Ontario Canada
Port Talbot Ontario Canada
Portage La Prairie Canada
Portland Oregon
Prescott Ontario Canada
Preston Ontario Canada
Prince Albert Canada
Prince Edward Island Canada
Prince Rupert Canada
Providence Rhode Island
Puce River Ontario Canada
Quebec Canada
Quebec City Quebec Canada
Queenston Ontario Canada
Raleigh Ontario Canada
Regina Canada
Reproduction Drawings Limited
Rhode Island
Richelieu River
Rochester New York
Rome
Rondeau Ontario Canada
Saanich Canada
Saint John Canada
Saltspring Island Canada
San Francisco California
Sandusky Ohio
Sandwich Ontario Canada
Sarnia Ontario Canada
Saskatchewan Canada
Saskatchewan River
Saskatoon Canada
Sault Ste. Marie Canada
Schenectady New York
Seattle Washington
Shawnigon Lake Canada
Shelburne Canada
Sherbrooker Quebec Canada
Shrewsbury Ontario Canada
Sidney Canada
Simcoe Ontario Canada
Skaneateles New York
Sooke Canada
South Dakota
South Saskatchewan River
Springfield Illinois
St. Armand Quebec Canada
St. Catharines Canada
St. Catharines Ontario Canada
St. John's Canada
St. Lawrence River
St. Paul Minnesota
St. Thomas Ontario Canada
Stanstead Quebec Canada
Stoney Creek Ontario Canada
Stratford Ontario Canada
Surrey Canada
Sutton Canada
Sydenhorn River
Sydney Canada
Syracuse New York
Tete Jaune Cache Canada
Thames River
Thorold Ontario Canada
Thurlow Ontario Canada
Tilley Canada
Toledo Ohio
Toronto Canada
Toronto Ontario Canada
Trois Riveres Quebec Canada
Truro Canada
Utica New York
Vancouver Canada
Vancouver Island Canada
Vermont
Vesuvius Canada
Victoria Canada
Wabumun Lake
Wallaceburg Ontario Canada
Washington
Waterloo Ontario Canada
Waukesha Wisconsin
Wawota Canada
Welland Canal
Welland Ontario Canada
Westmount Quebec Canada
Whitehorse Canada
Wilberforce Ontario Canada
Wildwood Canada
Wilkie Canada
Windsor Canada
Windsor Ontario Canada
Winnipeg Canada
Wisconsin
Wolfe Island
Woodstock Ontario Canada
Woolwich Ontario Canada
Wyoming
Yale Canada
Yale University
Yale University Provost's Fund
Yukon Territory Canada
-
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4ac0612861aa7a8dd52c855d0ac5c899
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Text
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Book
System Nbr.: ocml5241426
Author:
Howe, S. G. (Samuel Grid lev). 1801-1876.
The re lit geos from slavers' ill Canada West [microform 1: report to the Froodmeu's Inquiry Commission / by S.G.
Title:
Howe.
Publisher:
Date:
Description:
Notes:
Notes:
Subject:
Subject:
Co-Author:
Wright & Potter,
1864.
iv, 110 p.; 24 cm.
lithe original in the Library of Congress.
Copii
Microfiche. Louisville, Ky.: Lost Cause Press, 1971. 4 microfiches : negative : 11x15 cm.
“Slavery -Trilled States.
Afro-Americans -Ontario.
United States. American Freedman's Inquiry Commission.
Holdings
ALL UBS:
Trinity Intel-national University: E450.H85 1971a
Trinity International University: Microfiche E450.H85 1971a
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Howe. S. G. (Samuel Grid lev). 1801-1876.
Author:
Uniform Title: Refugees from slavery in Canada West
Report to Hie Freedmen's Inuuirv Commission. 1S64 : Die refugees from slaver.1 in Canada West / S.G. Howe.
Title:
Publisher:
Date:
Description:
Scries Title:
Notes:
Notes:
Subject:
Subject:
Co-Author:
Amo Press,
1969.
iv, 110 p.; 25 an.
American Negro, his history and literature
Reprint of the 1864 ed. published under title: The refugees from slavery in Canada West.
Includes bibliographical references.
Fugitive slaves —United States.
Blacks -Ontario.
United Slates. American Freedmen's Inquiry Commission.
Holdings
ALL UBS:
Trinity International University: E450.H85 1969
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lyman Wilmot House
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of records related to the Deerfield Public Library's research into whether or not the Wilmot house could be proved to have been a stop on the Underground Railroad.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Deerfield Public Library
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Deerfield Public Library
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Deerfield Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West
Description
An account of the resource
Printout of webpage information for the book The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West by S.G. Howe through the LIAISON: Libraries in Association catalog.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Howe, Samuel Gridley
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Wright and Potter
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1864
Accessed 4/17/2002
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013.014
African Americans
Auto-Graphics Incorporated
Deerfield Public Library
Freedmen's Inquiry Commission
Impact Online WebPac
Kendall College
Liaison: Libraries in Association Database
Library of Congress
Lost Cause Press
Louisville Kentucky
Microfiche
Ontario Canada
Pomona California
Samuel Gridley Howe
Slavery
The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West
Trinity International University
United States American Freedman's Inquiry Commission
WebPac
Webpage
Wright and Potter
-
https://archives.deerfieldlibrary.org/files/original/b45ed7911af2b7a51caa61bae887fc6e.pdf
f1b3316d98ad27da3d3200d57ab72a22
PDF Text
Text
Source,
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DEERFIELD
“Underground Railroad" Activities
Fugitive Slaves Identified
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The first real information of Andrew Jackson, the runaway slave, Samuel
Ott. imparts to this generation. In the winter of 1858 a mulatto, about 28
years of age, came to the home of Lyman Wiimot, the Abolitionist, at
night, via the "Underground Railway," from Mississippi. The lake was
frozen, so the black man could not be sent across to Canada, therefore he
had been taken to Deerfield. Mr. Wiimot brought the stave to the Lorenz
Ott home to do the chores, so that the children could go to school.
Andrew Jackson's father was a white man, and he worked on his
father’s plantation where he saw liis white sisters. The plantation owner
was more lenient to his son than to his other slaves, arid Andrew learned
more than his companions, therefore the desire to be free so overcame the
bd that it led him to attempt to escape but bloodhounds tracked him, and
he was brought back. In his second attempt at freedom he was successful,
and he crossed the Ohio River, where he was sent on fits journey north.
The man was a good worker, kept the horses clean (he had been a
yardman on the plantation) and "made a nice gate of stout wood" which
he said would last till the slaves were freed. When that occurred he
requested Mr. Ott to destroy the gate, which sentimental request was not
heeded by the thrifty fanner. After reaching the slaves' haven, Andrew
wrote to his benefactors who had taught him to read and write, of his
safe arrival, and that was the last that they ever heard of him. Samuel Ott
was fourteen years of age at that time, and he recalls much that the
Negro did while here.
From another source it is learned that die slave, Andrew Jackson's
escape was planned because he had been sold. "My kind master found it
necessary to sell me. None of the slaves were given any education as our
masters thought that we would rebel or outwit them. But a friend told
me tliat the sun rises in the east and sets in the west and that as one goes
further south it gets warmer, and going north it gets colder. With this
information only, l decided to run away. I was soon captured for my
master had discovered my absence soon after 1 left, and had sent blood
hounds after me. When taking me back to the plantation my captor tied
my arms with a rope, which was fastened to the horse, and made me
walk in front of him, while he rode. I loosened the rope and walked
along as if I were not trying to escape. Soon 1 noticed that mv master was
sleeping, so J dropped the rope, and jumped into the woods. Most of the
time I hid during the day, and often pursuers were so close to my hiding
place tiiat I could hear my master giving directions to them.
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"Several times I was without food for a number of days. Many times
I ate raw com taken from a field when I passed through it. One time I fell
in a barrel when I was looking for food, and even thought I hurt my hip
severely, I managed to limp back into the woods. One day 1 came to a
hut and asked a girl, who was alone, for some bread, which I could see
was freshly baked. The child refused to give it to me so 1 grabbed a few
loaves and ran, and when safely hidden, ate them. These are but a few of
my hardships, but I am glad to be with friends now. "A group of
Abolitionists lived in Highland Park, and would often come to Deerfield
if they knew that the farmers were bringing their crops to town. Often
many hot debates took place on what is now known as Autes' comer.
Slaves were also seen in Deerfield, but it is not known in which direction
they went. (Source: Marie Ward Reichelt for Deerfield Post 738, American
Legion H33. 081 Glermew Press, August 1928, p. 107-8.)
DEERFIELD
In 1860 a runaway slave, called "Andrew Jackson," came through
Deerfield, where he stayed with Mr. Lorenz Ott, who lived where Mr.
Orman Rockenhach now lives. Later he lived with Mr. Lyman Wiimot
until the Civil War was over. He had many hardships to endure while he
was with cruel masters, but later he was taught to read and write, and in
return he showed the white people how to tie com with a stalk of corn
and many other methods of farming. This is one incident of the anti
slavery activities. (Source: Marie Ward Reichelt for Deerfield Post 738.
American I.egion #33, 081 Glenview Press, August 1928, p. 83.)
Andrew Jackson
This is a depiction of the fugitive sla\e.
Lorenz Ott
(1803-1863)
Dvara ccurtesy oj The (jto Cnumy Musourn. VVa-jCooOu, fllmoc
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The VVilmot homestead is located at 60J Wilmot Road. Hie original
house consisted of n kitchen and living room with a "ladder" stairway
to the space above them—the sleeping loft. One of the stories perpetu
ated about the home is that it once was an underground station for
runaway slaves during the Civil War. Lyman VVilmot was known to
have been an abolitionist.
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Caspar Ott Cabin
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brotiier ofJasper Ott,
who hid Andrew
Jackson in a cabin
iike this one.
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Garrison and McKim especially faced the problem of slavery head-on in
the manner of New England Puritan preachers of old, something the
more moderate Lake Forest founders—concerned at the prospect of dis
ruptive social upheaval—tended to avoid. Indeed, the Lake Foresters'
moderate position on slavery against it in Cite western territories where
they wanted to expand Chicago business interests, but willing to wait for
it to die out in the south may have contributed to their seeking such an
enclosed, maze-like street plan with entry to the town confined for all
practical purposes to the streets around the depot. Several dues suggest
that African-Americans and perhaps fugitive slaves were on hand here in
the late 1850s and early 1860s—before Emancipation. Covertly too.
Sylvester Lind and the Lake Forest founders took risks—Danforth reports
Lind himself traveled down the lakes with Underground Railroad "pas
sengers” to cue them when, literally, the "the coast was clear" -and
worked hard, short of John Brown- like revolutionary acts, to gain free
dom for African-Americans and to work toward the election of Lincoln
in 1660.
JO
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SYLVESTER LIND, THE NORTON'S GRANDFATHER,
AND THE ANTISLAVERY MOVEMENT
John J Halsey's 1912 History of 1-ake County, Illinois provides a biogra
phical sketch of Sylvester Lind, a censor figure in the founding of lake
forest. Lind was bom in Scotland in 1808, arriving in Chicago in 1837 tc
work as a carpenter, in 1842 he entered the lumber business and in 1S4S
organized the Lind & Dunlap firm with mills at Cedar River, Michigan on
the western shore directly west of Door County's Washington Island.
Arpee reports that he was also in the banking and insurance businesses
making and losing at least three fortunes as the economic health of earl)
Chicago came and went. Before the railroad wen! through, his banking
business in Milwaukee and Chicago led him up and down the old Greer
Bay Trail by Lake Forest.
An article on "The Under-Ground Railway" in the May 1890 Stentor
the College newspaper (pp. 165-88), highlighted Lind's importance tr
the anti-slavery movement of the days when Lake Forest was founded
The article was written by an enterprising member of the class of 1891
William E. Danforth, who also conducted interviews with explorers
George Konnan and Sir Henry Stanley who visited the town and a bed
side February 1890 interview with the legendary ex-slave and local driver
Samuel Dent, who died in June of 1890, and is buried in the Lake Forest
Cemetery'. Lind was an active "conductor” on the Underground Railroad
and a leader in the Chicago movement, with his Chicago river lumber
yard there a staging point for smuggling fugitive slaves down the lakes.
The Fugitive Slave Act was harsh, and a captain risked losing his ship iJ
caught. Danforth s article, though, details how Ltnd and others would
arrange for the captain to look the other way for "deniabilitv" while ex
slaves scrambled on board and stowed away. They then jumped off at
the Island-refueling stop at Death's Door between
the Door County mainland and the Washington
Island to wait for another ship heading for
Detroit. This ship, in turn, would drift dose
enough to the Ontario shore in the narrow St.
Clair River to permit the African-Americans to
leap to freedom. Lind's concern for the plight of
the African-Americans, some of whom probably
were present in I ake Forest before the Civil War,
was shared by others in town and carried over
into the close, warm ties between the races
fhoco rcorresv ct
through the rest of the nineteenth century.
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It s interesting that the next owners of
Historical Socuiy
the property after Mrs. (Eliza O.) find, who lived
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Full Display - North Suburban Library Database
<All Headings> "underground railroad illinois" -- Title 4 of 12
Use Card Format
E
. l\il
Bottom Iz.
Format:
System Nbr.:
Author:
Title:
Publisher:
Date:
Description:
Notes:
Subject:
Subject:
Subject:
Subject:
First JlJ 111 Last
Book
ocm44999347
Dorscv. James.
The underground railroad : Northeastern Illinois and Southeastern Wisconsin / bv James Doresey.
Sons of Thunder Ministry,
c2000.
72 p., [4] p. of plates : ill., maps ; 22 cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-72).
Underground railroad.
Fugitive slaves -United States.
Illinois —History -1778-1865.
Wisconsin —History —1778-1865.
Holdings
ALL LIBS:
Gail Borden Public Library District: 977.02 Dorsey
(ILL Lender)
DI^North Chicago Public Library: N.C.Col. R 973.7115 DOR (ILL Lender)
Waukegan Public Library: 973.7115 DOR pbk
Others
Fox River Grove Public Library District: 973.7115 Dor
Top i]
(ILL Lender)
First _Mj wj Last
Auto-Graphics, Inc. Pomona, California. © 1995 - 2001 All rights reserved.
1 of 1
1/22/02 7:22 PM
�LOCATIONS AND ADDRESSES
LAKE COUNTY, ILLINOIS UNDERGROUND RAILROAD STOPS
T?>w «?re among the t.ake County sites bciieveil
to have played a role in the Underground
Railroad.
Distances Between Underground Railroad Stops
Ivanhoe Congressional Church
Rt. 176, West of Routes 60/83
Ivanhoe, Illinois
Ivanhoe Congregational Church to Bonner Farm
12.3 miles
Bonner Farm to Millbum Congregational Church
2.0 miles
Millbum Congregational Church to James Cory House
James Cory House to Mother Rudd Horae
Millbum Congregational Church
Grass lake Road & Route 4S
Millbum. Illinois
(Historical landmarks-churcK
store and houses)
IS.6 miles
S.3 miles
Millbum Church
o
iifnbmn Road
Bonner Farm
Mother Rudd Home
4690 Old Grand Avenue
Gurnee. Illinois
(Comer of Old Grand Avenue
and Kilboume)
m
Sand ljnk* Rood
QnmdArttmt
Mother Rudd
Cory House
St. *s
H’asfrinrron Sr.
Bonner Farm
1842 Homestead
Lake County Forest Preserve
Country' Place & Sand Lake Road
Millbum, Illinois
©
ML 120
I
i
St S3
James Cory Home
321 N. Uticri Street
Waukegan. Illinois
(Historical landmark)
ML 1/6
Ivanhoe Church
r
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lyman Wilmot House
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of records related to the Deerfield Public Library's research into whether or not the Wilmot house could be proved to have been a stop on the Underground Railroad.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Deerfield Public Library
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Deerfield Public Library
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Deerfield Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Deerfield "Underground Railroad" Activities; The Underground Railroad: Northeastern Illinois and Southwestern Wisconsin
Description
An account of the resource
Photocopy of section of the book The Underground Railroad: Northeastern Illinois and Southwestern Wisconsin by James Dorsey related to escaped slaves who may have passed through the Deerfield area.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Dorsey, James
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
The Underground Railroad: Northeastern Illinois and Southwestern Wisconsin
North Chicago Public Library
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Sons of Thunder Ministry
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2000
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0013.011
Abolitionism
Abraham Lincoln
African Americans
American Civil War
American Legion
American Legion Deerfield Post 738
Andrew Jackson
Anti-Slavery Activities
Autes' Corner
Auto-Graphics Incorporated
Bonner Farm
Canada
Carpenter
Caspar Ott
Caspar Ott Cabin
Cedar River Michigan
Chicago Illinois
Chicago River
Chicago River Lumber Yard
Death's Door
Deerfield American Legion
Deerfield Illinois
Deerfield Public Library
Deerfield Underground Railroad Activities
Detroit Michigan
Door County Wisconsin
Eliza O. Lind
Fox River Grove Public Library
Fugitive Slave Acts
Fugitive Slaves
Gail Borden Public Library
George Konnan
Glenview Press
Green Bay Trail
Gurnee Illinois
Henry Stanley
Highland Park Illinois
History of Lake County Illinois
Ivanhoe Congressional Church
Ivanhoe Illinois
James Cory
James Dorsey
Jasper Ott
John Brown
John J. Halsey
Lake County Discovery Museum
Lake County Forest Preserve
Lake County Illinois
Lake Forest Cemtery
Lake Forest College
Lake Forest College Stentor
Lake Forest Illinois
Lake Forest Lake Bluff Historical Society
Lind and Dunlap Firm
Lorenz Ott
Lumber Business
Lyman Wilmot
Marie Ward Reichelt
Millburn Congregational Church
Millburn Illinois
Milwaukee Wisconsin
Mississippi
Mother Rudd Home
North Chicago Public Library
North Suburban Library System Database
Ohio River
Ontario Canada
Orman Rockenbach
Pomona California
Samuel Dent
Samuel Ott
Scotland
Sons of Thunder Ministry
St. Clair River
Stentor
Sylvester Lind
The Underground Railroad: Northeastern Illinois and Southeastern Wisconsin
The Underground Railway
Underground Railroad
Washington Island Wisconsin
Wauconda Illinois
Waukegan Illinois
Waukegan Public Library
William E. Danforth
-
https://archives.deerfieldlibrary.org/files/original/d7c7a70ca9239d64e5fed3cfd3de4698.pdf
985d7a2eb78a3f98b484e6bb4f35e75f
PDF Text
Text
www.deerfieldlibrary.org
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Our Heartland Celebration!
You are Welcome to Attend, 2pm, Sunday, March 21.
The Unveiling of the Lars-Birger Sponberg Painting
A resident of Deerfield for over 50 years, artist Lars-Birger Sponberg has painted a
Midwest landscape that is gracing the wall above our Circulation Desk, the
first thing you see as you enter the library. Sponberg’s career spans nine
decades, and his work has been shown in solo exhibits and group shows in
the Chicago area, Sweden and New York and can be found in numerous
private and corporate collections.
Most recently he has painted “Midwest landscapes” as seen from the road
side. They invite the viewer to enter into the rural landscape on intimate
terms. The library’s painting, McHeniy County, according to Sponberg
“was in my mind for quite some time. Basically it is a real scene (near
Richmond, IL) but I’ve changed and added and done what artists do.”
His intention was to make a good painting, and the scenery is secondary.
Lars-Birger Sponberg works on
our library painting in his
Deerfield home.
Deerfield’s Peter Nye and the Chicago Blue Grass Band
Deerfield’s Peter Nye and the Chicago Blue Grass Band will entertain at the March 21
event with “slamming traditional bluegrass music with a big city wallop”. This internation
ally acclaimed group, a favorite at the Old Town School of Music, will focus on the heart
land. (See Adult Programs)
Refreshments for the afternoon will be donated by Deerfield’s Whole Foods Market.
We love Deerfield and
want the library to
be important to the
community. A focus on
Deerfield is our library’s
overriding spring theme.
As you look through our
newsletter, you will see
that we are highlighting
our community, its
citizens and its talents.
Eighth Annual Rosemary Sazonoff
Creative Writing Contest
I Love Deerfield! • March 8-April 3
This is the year of the / Love Deerfield writing contest, espe
cially appropriate as Rosemary Sazonoff, a former library
board member, was a Deerfield community activist and writer
in whose memory the contest was named. You are asked to write
your memories of Deerfield or what Deerfield means to you. For adults, this
should be a “non-fiction” piece of your real world. Entry forms are available at
the Reference Desk. At 2pm Sunday, April 25 we will hold the winners’ reception.
At this time we will video, with writer’s permission, the writer’s memories for posterity.
The Youth Services Department holds a separate writing contest. Write a poem, essay or
story about Deerfield. Reception will be at 7pm Thursday, April 15. For details see Youth
Services page. Cash prizes will be awarded in the adult and children’s contests.
�Adult Programs
Programs are free but reservations are requested.
What’s Going on in
The World????
Hurricane Sax Quartet
Tuesdays, 7:30pm
Great Decisions Foreign Policy Association
discussion group continues through March 23.
Fridays, 10am
Current Events Roundtable meets twice a
month. March 5, 19; April 2, 16. and May 7,
21. You are welcome to stop in to each of
these lively group discussions.
•
*
*
And out of This World!
Saturn and Mars Explored
Wednesday, March 3, 7pm
NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory Solar
System Ambassador John Vittallo talks
about the exciting happenings in space.
Learn about Saturn and the spacecraft
expected to land in July, 2004 and the
up-to-the-minute discoveries of the Spirit
and Opportunity rovers on Mars.
Legendary Sicily,
Crossroads of Civilization
Tuesday, March 9, 7pm
Visit this three-cornered island in the sun
with one of our favorites, Claire Copping
Cross. Since ancient times, Sicily has been
the meeting point of different people:
Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Phoenicians and
Normans who each left their indelible mark.
Co-sponsors: AAUW.
Dyed in the Wool
Celebrates St. Paddy’s Day
Monday, March 15, 7pm
This popular Irish band offers a mixture of
American and Celtic traditions: dance music
and song, classic and contemporary, folk,
reels, jigs and hornpipes.
Thursday, March IS, 7:15pm
Northwestern University Music School
graduates have performed widely all over
the world and will bring us all styles of
music from Bach to the Beatles and beyond.
Baritone sax Holly Copeland Aaronson is a
Deerfield resident. This is a Deerfield Fine
Arts Showcase co-sponsored with the
library.
Deerfield’s Peter Nye and the
Chicago Blue Grass Band
Sunday, March 21, 2pm
Our music series climaxes at our Heartland
event at which we will unveil the painting
over the Circulation Desk by Deerfield artist
Lars-Birger Sponberg. The concert promises
to be a toe- tapping bluegrass experience:
traditional American music with a healthy
dose of original tunes about hard times,
love, death and home! Join us for this warm.
“down-home” event! Refreshments served.
Career Advice
Tuesday, March 23, 9:30am to 11:30am
Reserve a free half hour time slot for an
individual career counseling session with
JVS Career Planning Counselor Roberta
Glick. You must register in advance.
Genealogy on the Internet
Wednesday, April 14, 7pm
Tracing your family tree can be an exciting
journey filled with discovery. Many people
are unaware of how easy it is to gather
genealogical information free through the
Internet. Author/genealogist Nancy
Shepherdson shows how to navigate web
sites for beginners and experienced
researchers. Co-sponsor: Deerfield Area
Historical Society.
National Library Week
April 18-24
Visit the Deerfield Public Library!
8th Annual Rosemary Sazonoff
Writing Contest Reception
Sunday, April 25, 2pm
Awards will be presented to the winners of
the I Love Deerfield Memories Writing
Contest. Winners should be prepared to read
their works which will be videotaped for
posterity. Held in conjunction with the
Deerfield Historical Society.
The Public Art of Private Lives,
with Author Lauren Cowen
Thursday, April 29, 7:15pm
This award-winning Deerfield native is a
writer and journalist who has written exten
sively for magazines and literary journals
and published two books. She’ll explain
how to bring relationships to the written
page, how to find extraordinary stories in
everyday life and how to work with a pho
tographer. Her books are Daughters and
Mothers and Girlfriends. Co-sponsor:
Deerfield Fine Arts Commission.
Designing for
Continuous Bloom
Wednesday, May 5, 7pm
The “Gifted gardener” Pam Duthie, instruc
tor at the Chicago Botanic Garden and
national lecturer on garden design, will offer
insiders’ tips on how to achieve continuous
bloom in your garden: starting with a core
group of perennials, plant care, prolonging
the blooming time and extending your sea
son of interest from spring to winter. Duthie
has written two gardening books among the
best in this subject.
Demystifying Digital
Photography
Tuesday, May 11, 7pm
Thinking of buying a digital camera? Get
the information you need from professional
photographer Roger Mattingly. He has been
using a digital camera for nine years and
will share his knowledge about brands, fea
tures and pricing.
�A Review of the Deerfield Public Library’s
Long Range Planning Process—2001-2004
ver the past year and a half the
library board has been working on
a plan to create a library that
serves patrons’ needs now and in the
future. We would like to share with the
community our work in progress. Our goal
is to plan for the library to continue to be a
source of pride to Deerfield.
The current library was built in 1969 to
house 61,500 items in 32,500 square feet.
Today that same space houses 180,000
volumes. At that time the library employed
14 staff. Today we employ 46 staff mem
bers. We have added music, video and
audio collections. There were no comput
erized catalogs, Internet and no cabling for
a computer network. There was no separate
fiction room. Since 1992, the library has
expanded facilities and services within the
limitations of the present building. We
have reached our space limit and cannot
adapt newer technologies or new services
to our existing structure.
Our vision statement: The Deerfield
Public Library is an educational resource,
cultural center, community gathering place,
and a gateway to technology. The library
will promote lifetime learning. We will
offer all the programs, materials, and ser
vices necessary to participate in the world
of ideas and provide our patrons with the
tools to succeed in the future.
O
Steps the board and staff have
completed:
• Formation of a long-range planning
committee
• Review of previous long term planning
committee reports
• Review of several years of suggestions
from Librarian in the Lobby
• Seminar to identify core values
• Salary Survey
• Demographic Study
• Commissioned and reviewed Space
Utilization survey by nationally
recognized library consultant Anders
Dahlgren
• Prepared technology assessment and
plan
• Public Opinion Laboratory of Northern
Illinois University designed and carried
out phone survey of over 1000 area res
idents and conducted twelve focus
groups
• Conducted a needs assessment based on
all of the above
• Anders Dahlgren prepared a detailed
strategic facilities plan, assessment of
library service goals, service delivery
options and space needs. He recom
mended the need for an 80,979 squarefoot facility with an optimum of 86,583
square feet.
The Identified space needs
(*n no special order):
• Drive-up book drop
• Room to expand collection
• Expanded audio visual department.
• Expanded and well organized audio
book area
• Easier access to all materials: 4- foot
aisles and appropriately sized shelving
(no higher than 6 feet and lowest shelf
2 feet off floor)
• More tables, carrels, casual seating and
available quiet space.
• Additional parking
• Self check-out technology and automat
ed book routing and materials control
• Information desk at library entrance
• Study rooms
• Theater/auditorium
Larger public computer access area
Community meeting space
Copier and word processing center
Technology training area
Suitable office and technical space
for staff
Young adult room
Local history area
Arts and crafts program area for
children
• Exhibit space for art and cultural
exhibits
• Refreshment area
I
it
5
Service Needs:
• Extended hours
• Wireless computer access for patrons
• Interactive learning centers
• Expanded and more easily accessible
audio visual material
• More programs for all ages
• Facilities and equipment for regular
movie nights, concerts and theater
presentations
Additional Staff Needs:
• Staff to cover extended hours
• Information technology management
specialist
• Technical assistant for library computer
users
• Audio visual area personnel
• Staff for information desk
• Graphic artist
• School outreach coordinator
• Community outreach coordinator
Steps to be completed:
• Create staff service goals and objec
tives.
• Hire architect for structural study of
current building to examine feasibility
of expanding current building on
present site.
• Review building consultant report. The
results will determine whether to 1)
build up, 2) build a new library, 3) build
on this site, or 4) find a new site.
• Identify and hire an architect to work
with Mr. Dahlgren, board and staff to
write a building program with specifics.
• Hire an expert in funding development
for library building projects to explore
financing. Possibilities might include
formation of a district library, private
donations, and fund raising.
• With expert and community involve
ment, develop a specific plan for a
capital project and implement financing
recommendations.
• Implement building plan.
• Design, acquire, and place library
fixtures.
•si
1|
i
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.
�Drop-In Events & Activities
Lucky Shamrocks
March 1-31
Put your wish on a lucky shamrock and we’ll
hang it up for the leprechauns to find!
■ Reference Librarian John Keisey offers a program on job
searching on the Internet at the Village of Deerfield’s Job
Seekers Workshop 8:30am Saturday, March 13.
■ Note the new Catalog Quick Search “button” on our
home page, www.deerfieldiibrary.org. You can skip some
of the in-between steps and go directly to the online
catalog.
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■ We love your donations of current books in good
condition. Please bring them in to the Circulation Desk.
Do not put them on sale shelves, free basket or book drop!
3 £2
5©-
&
■ When you renew items via the automated system
(847-945-3782) or online www.deerfieldlibrary.org, please
write the new due date on your book’s date due slip.
The date is given to you.
Entry forms available Marchl, clue by 5pm
Saturday, March 27. Voting begins Saturday,
April 3 and ends Friday, April 30. There will
be winners in each age category and the
“Overall Favorite” will be given out as a prize
during our Summer Reading Program.
Toddler Times
March 5 &18; April 2 & 15; May 7 & 20 at
11am in the Picture Book Room
This special storytime designed for toddlers
and their caregivers is offered on the first
Friday and third Thursday of each month.
■ If your library card has expired, you must bring a valid
i.d. to the Circulation Desk in order to update.
(Cards expire after 3 years.)
Rosemaiy Sazonoff Creative
Writing Contest: I Love
Deerfield!
■ If you forget your library card, we will check your items
out with a valid i.d. and 25 cents. Otherwise, we will
gladly hold your items for 2 days.
■ Linda Shepherd, Business Office at the library, is a
Notary Public. She can assist patrons.
Youth Services Bookmark
Contest!
T
5#
Thursday Book Discussions
In the Fiction Room
■ March 11,10:30am
Crow Lake by Mary Lawson
Successful zoologist Kate Morrison
reflects on the traumatic events of her
Ontario childhood, and how they still
cast a shadow over the present.
■ April 15,7:30pm
Child of My Heart by Alice McDermott
Theresa, an introspective and unusually
perceptive narrator, recalls the summer
of her 15th year on the east end of
Long Island.
■ March 25,7:30pm
Bread Alone by Judith Ryan Hendricks
A woman devastated by divorce finds
redemption working at a neighborhood
bakery.
M
n
■ April 8, 10:30am
Einbers by Sandor Marai
A retired European general readies his
castle to receive an old friend whose
perceived act of betrayal has kept
them apart for over 40 years.
■ May 13,10:30am
The Secret Life of Bees
by Sue Monk Kidd
Lily and her beloved black nanny,
Rosaleen, flee from Lily’s abusive
father to Tiburon, South Carolina,
home of the beekeeping Boatwright
sisters.
■ May 20,7:30pm
The Dive from Clausen’s Pier
by Ann Packer
After her fiance is paralyzed in a trag
ic accident, Carrie asks herself, “How
much do we owe the people we love?”
Entry fonns available Monday, March 8, due
in by 5pm Saturday, April 3.
Write a poem, essay or story about Deerfield
Illinois. Cash prizes awarded to winners in
each age category. All participants are invited
to an evening reception in the Youth Services
Department on Thursday, April 15 at 7pm.
TV Turnoff Week: April 19-25
(This is also National Library Week!)
Turn off the TV and come to the library! Write
a letter to your favorite author on our special
stationery and we’ll mail it for you. We’ll have
games and puzzles available all week, and
we’ll have drop-in crafts Monday through
Wednesday 4 -8pm.
Reading Round-Up Ends May 23!
Be sure to make your reports before 4:30pm
Sunday, May 23. If you have not finished your
log, don’t worry. You can pick up were you left
off next September.
�rmth Services
Registered Activities
Priority given to Deerfield residents/cardholders.
Spring Break Movie: Spy Kids
S*T*A*R Volunteers
Wednesday, March 31 from 12pm- 1:30pm.
Registration starts May 10 for the First
Registration begins Wednesday, March 3.
Session June 14 - July 10. Limited
Bring a bag lunch to eat while watching the to the first 20. Orientation sessions:
movie. We’ll supply drinks and dessert.
Saturday, May 22 at 11am or
This 88 minute film is rated PG for mild
Friday, June 4 at 4:30pm
profanity and action scenes and is recom
If you’re in grades 5-8 and enjoy working
mended for older school aged children.
with younger kids, you can be a S*T*A*R
Children under seven must be accompanied Volunteer and help us run our Summer
by an adult. Parents of more sensitive
Reading Program. You must come to one of
children might want to stay in the room as
the orientation sessions in order to partici
well.
pate. Sign up for the second session (July
12 - August 13) begins June 28 and will be
Kaya of the Nez Perce Party
limited to the first 20. For more informaSaturday, May 15 at
tion contact the Youth Services Desk.
10am for grades 2-4.
Internet Safety for Parents Only
Registration begins
Saturday, June 12 at 10am.
Friday, April 16.
Registration starts March 1.
Two hundred
School’s out and your kids will probably be
years ago Lewis
spending a lot of time on the computer.
and Clark began
Learn the most effective ways to keep your
their Voyage of
child safe and discover some great web
Discovery. Along
sites for the whole family. In order to
the way they met
address the concerns of parents this pro
members of the Nez Perce
gram is for parents only. Starbucks coffee
tribe. Learn about the Nez Perce and the
and Krispy Kreme doughnuts will be
newest American Girl, Kaya, through
served.
stories, crafts and snacks.
Family Fun Nights
J
Dinner and a Movie:
The Lion King
Thursday, March 11 at 7pm. Registration
starts February 26.
Bring a picnic dinner and welcome March in
like a lion with Disney’s new classic The Lion
King. We’ll supply drinks and dessert. This
film is 88 minutes long and rated G.
Spring Fling: Stories, Games
and Crafts
Thursday, April 29 at 7pm. Registration starts
Thursday, March 25.
Celebrate spring with stories, games and
crafts for the whole family!
Special Performances
Space is limited so register early. Priority
given to Deeifield residents/cardholders. Limit
of 5 seats per family. Children under 7 must
be accompanied by an adult. Please consider
the suggested age recommendations when
registering.
Registered Storytimes
Tuesday, April 13 - Thursday, May 13. A minimum of eight children is requiredfor each session,
the maximum is twelve to fifteen depending on the storytime. Limit one session per child.
Sessions may be added or canceled depending on demand. Registration begins Friday, March
12. Last day to register is Monday, April 19.
Family Stories
Stories ‘n’ More
Wednesdays at 10am. Ages 2'h- K
(children must bring an adult)
Stories for a variety of ages. Children must
be at least 272 to register (younger siblings
of registered children are welcome as
unregistered guests).
Tuesday at 10am and 1:30pm. Ages 3‘h -5
Children 372 to 5 attend this storytime without
an adult; however, their adult must remain in
the library.
After School Stories
Thursdays at 4:00 to 4:30pm. Grades K-2
This program for younger grade school
children features stories and crafts.
Joel Frankel’s Musical
Merriment
Saturday, April 17 at 10am. All ages.
Registration begins Saturday, March 20.
Don’t sit on a cactus! Come hear one of
Chicagoland’s most popular performers sing
old favorites as well as songs from his new
CD Ship of Chocolate Chips.
�NEW MAGAZINE AND JOURNAL SUBSCRIPTIONS!
Deerfield Public Library
Jack Hicks, Administrative Librarian
Library' Board
Sunday Mueller, President
Donald Van Arsdale, Secretary
David Wolff, Treasurer
Jeffrey Blumenthal
Sheryl Lamoureux
Jeff Rivlin
Ron Simon
Library Hours
Mon.-Thurs:
9:00 am - 9:00 pm
Friday:
9:00 am - 6:00 pm
Saturday:
9:00 am - 5:00 pm
Sunday:
1:00 pm - 5:00 pm
Editor: Sally Brickman
!
{
j
j
j
Important Library Numbers
• Telephone: 847-945-3311
• Renew by phone
847-945-3782
• TTY: 847-945-3372
• Library' Home Page and Catalog:
www.deerfieldlibrary.org
0 Email:
deerfield.library@nslsilus.org.
To ask a reference question:
dfrefdesk@nslsilus.org
• FAX: 847-945-3402
• Village of Deerfield website:
deerfield-il.org
Financial Times, U.S. edition (daily, except
Sundays} (currant issues, Business Boom)
This newspaper is known as a leading source
for news about global business, economics,
finance, and politics. It includes daily reports
from around the world, plus many special
reports throughout the year on industries,
countries and markets.
V.. •;. ■ Tia index (quarterly, Adult
si 847.95 HOT)
Provides brief information on more than 50,000
hotels worldwide, with more extensive infor
mation available on the related website,
www.hotelandtravelindex.com.
KipUngers Retirement Report, (monthly)
(current i: '.'-Business Room)
This report offers strategies for retirement
investing, estate planning, and personal
finance and useful advice on many other
retirement-related topics, including health and
healthcare choices.
Nuts & Volts (monthly)
For the hands-on electronic hobbyist, this
magazine covers everything for electronics,
including fundamentals, analog and digital cir
cuit projects, emerging technologies, lasers,
supercomputers, microcontrollers and many
other topics.
Thrasher (monthly)
This magazine covers teen culture, especially
skateboarding, snowboarding, video games,
music and more, with lots of photos and inter
views included.
For the complete list of the library’s subscrip
tions to magazines, journals, and newspapers,
please inquire at the library’s reference
desk—or look for the list on the library’s web
site (www.deerfieldlibrary.org), then click
Reference, then Our Magazine Collection.
AMY SIMON MEMORIAL FUND
Established in memory of Amy Simon in 1991, this fund is targeted to books about
women’s studies in history and biography. Recent books added include: American Women,
Afghanistan, Mary Casatt, and Jane Goodall. Cards representing each gift are filed in a
reference desk catalog.
Deerfield Public Library
920 Waukegan Road
Deerfield, Illinois 60015
Non Profit Org.
U.S. Postage
PAID
Deerfield, IL
Permit No. 196
DEERFIELD
Dates to Remember
in the Library!
Free Income Tax Assistance
1pm to 4pm Tuesdays and Fridays through
April 13. No appointments necessary; bring
last year’s form. The library will have some
Illinois and Federal income tax forms for
patrons. Ask the AARP/advisors for info.
(Librarians are not trained by the IRS!)
Librarian in the Lobby
Talk informally with library administrators
1pm to 4pm second Saturday of each month.
Library Board
Meets 8pm, third Wednesday of each month.
Library Closings
The library will be closed Easter Sunday,
April 11 and Memorial Day, Monday, May 30.
Closed Sundays in summer beginning June 6.
Carrier Route Presort
Deerfield Postal Patron
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Deerfield Public Library Browsing Newsletters
Description
An account of the resource
The historical archive of the Browsing newsletter, which is the quarterly newsletter put out by the Deerfield Public Library and lists all of the programming as well as news for the library.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Deerfield Public Library
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Deerfield Public Library
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Deerfield Public Library
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0010
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
1986-present
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Browsing | Deerfield Public Library | Spring 2004
Description
An account of the resource
Vol. 19, No. 4
Wrong date printed -- crossed off with correct date written in pen.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Brickman, Sally
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Deerfield Public Library
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Deerfield Public Library
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
03/2004
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Searchable PDF
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0010.071
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
March - May 2004
Afghanistan
Alice McDermott
American Association of Retired Persons (AARP)
American Association of University Women (AAUW)
American Girl Dolls
American Women
Amy Simon
Amy Simon Fund
Anders Dahlgren
Ann Packer
Arabs
Bluegrass Music
Bread Alone
Career Counseling
Chicago Blue Grass Band
Chicago Botanic Gardens
Chicago Illinois
Child of My Heart
Claire Copping Cross
Crow Lake
Daughters and Mothers
David B. Wolff
Deerfield Area Historical Society
Deerfield Demographics
Deerfield Fine Arts Commission
Deerfield Illinois
Deerfield Job Seeker's Workshop
Deerfield Public Library
Deerfield Public Library Adult Services Department
Deerfield Public Library Audio Visual Circulation
Deerfield Public Library Board of Trustees
Deerfield Public Library Board of Trustees Long Range Planning Committee
Deerfield Public Library Board of Trustees Trustee in the Lobby
Deerfield Public Library Book Discussions
Deerfield Public Library Book Drop Boxes
Deerfield Public Library Bookmark Contest
Deerfield Public Library Browsing Newsletter
Deerfield Public Library Card
Deerfield Public Library Catalog
Deerfield Public Library Circulation Policies
Deerfield Public Library Community Outreach
Deerfield Public Library Computer Network
Deerfield Public Library Current Events Roundtable
Deerfield Public Library Donations
Deerfield Public Library Facilities Plan
Deerfield Public Library Library Service Goals
Deerfield Public Library Long Range Planning
Deerfield Public Library Meeting Rooms
Deerfield Public Library Needs Assessment Study
Deerfield Public Library Online Resources
Deerfield Public Library Outreach
Deerfield Public Library Programming
Deerfield Public Library Renovations
Deerfield Public Library S*T*A*R Volunteers
Deerfield Public Library Salary Survey
Deerfield Public Library School Outreach
Deerfield Public Library Self Checkout Stations
Deerfield Public Library Space Needs
Deerfield Public Library Space Needs Assessment
Deerfield Public Library Staff
Deerfield Public Library Staff Service Goals
Deerfield Public Library Staff Service Objectives
Deerfield Public Library Storytimes
Deerfield Public Library Study Rooms
Deerfield Public Library Survey
Deerfield Public Library Technology Assessment
Deerfield Public Library Technology Classes
Deerfield Public Library Technology Plan
Deerfield Public Library Toddler Times
Deerfield Public Library TV Tune Out Week
Deerfield Public Library Vision
Deerfield Public Library Website
Deerfield Public Library Youth Services Department
Deerfield Website
Digital Camera
Digital Photography
Disney
Donald Van Arsdale
Dyed in the Wool
Embers
Europe
Federal Tax Forms
Financial Times
Foreign Policy Association
Foreign Policy Association Great Decisions Program
Genealogy
Girlfriends
Greeks
Holly Copeland Aaronson
Hotel and Travel Index
Hurricane Sax Quartet
Illinois Tax Forms
Income Tax Assistance
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
Internet
Internet Safety
Irish Music
Jack A. Hicks
Jane Goodall
Jeffrey C. Blumenthal
Jeffrey Rivlin
Jewish Vocational Service (JVS) Career Planning Center
Joel Frankel
Johann Sebastian Bach
John Kelsey
John Vittallo
Judith Ryan Hendricks
Kate Morrison
Kaya of the Nez Perce
Kiplinger's Retirement Report
Lars Birger Sponberg
Lauren Cowen
Linda Shepherd
Long Island New York
Mars
Mary Casatt
Mary Lawson
McHenry County
Meriwether Lewis
Midwest Landscapes
Nancy Shepherdson
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
NASA JPL Solar System Ambassador
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
National Library Week
New York
Nez Perce
Normans
Northern Illinois University
Northwestern University
Northwestern University School of Music
Notary Public
Nuts and Volts
Old Town School of Music
Ontario Canada
Opportunity Mars Rover
Pam Duthie
Peter Nye
Phoenicians
Public Opinion Laboratory
Richmond Illinois
Roberta Glick
Roger Mattingly
Romans
Ronald Simon
Rosemary Sazonoff
Rosemary Sazonoff Writing Contest
Sally Brickman Seifert
Sandor Marai
Saturn
Searchable PDF
Sheryl Lamoureux
Ship of Chocolate Chips
Sicily
Spirit Mars Rover
Spy Kids
Sue Monk Kidd
Sunday G. Mueller
Sweden
The Beatles
The Dive from Clausen's Pier
The Lion King
The Secret Life of Bees
Thrasher Magazine
Tiburon South Carolina
United States
Whole Foods
William Clark
Wireless Internet
Zoologist
-
https://archives.deerfieldlibrary.org/files/original/8505ed7eb60e17759a193d00eb892e0d.pdf
afafbba721f0b87a02463903d79a9169
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Deerfield High School Yearbooks
Description
An account of the resource
A collection of the yearbooks of Deerfield High School in Deerfield, Illinois ranging from 1968-2008.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Deerfield High School
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0003
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Deerfield High School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1968-2008
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
O*YAD 1973
Description
An account of the resource
Our Year at Deerfield -- Deerfield High School Yearbook
Searchable PDF
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Deerfield High School
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Deerfield High School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1972-1973
Language
A language of the resource
English
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
DPL.0003.006
1972 Illinois Gubernatorial Campaign
A. Von Der Linden
Abraham Silverman
Adam Harris
Adele Fredrickson
Adrienne Swartz
Alan Balwierz
Alan Forst
Alan Gitles
Alan Gottlieb
Alan Hennick
Alan Knackstedt
Alan Laster
Alan Miller
Alan Weiler
Alan Zuckerman
Alexander Callas
Alexander Lowinger
Alfred Metzger
Alfred Spriester
Alice Beinlich
Alice Klatt
Alison Gertz
Alison Witt
Allan Benjamin
Allen Weber
Allison Hedgepeth
American Field Service (AFS)
American Field Service Day
American Field Service Sponsored International Students
Amy Avona
Amy Dickens
Amy Koetz
Amy Verbeck
Andrea Belzberg
Andrea Demers
Andrea LaPointe
Andrea Tonella
Andrea Trifilio
Andres Vanells
Andrew Adler
Andrew Dimitriou
Andrew Ehlert
Andrew Gavin
Andrew Gryzbowski
Andrew Lyon
Andy Clifton
Andy Wecker
Angela Boyer
Angela Valenta
Anita Gorr
Ann Cloos
Ann Jasperson
Ann Murtfeldt
Ann Sandonato
Ann Scott
Ann Small
Ann Whiting
Anne Auwaerter
Anne Cushman
Anne Kernahan
Anne Nusbaum
Anne Pace
Anne Phillips
Anne Sause
Annette Carlson
Anthony Coward
Anthony Freeman
Anthony Parrish
Antonius Van Crey
April Fladeland
April Palms
Archie Geeraerts
Arlington Heights High School
Arlo Straight
Art Edstrom
Art Newbrough
Arthur Gould
Arthur Miller
Audie Fridstein
Audrey Tracy
Barb Laystrom
Barb Lichtwalt
Barb Zarish
Barbara Abrahamson
Barbara Antonak
Barbara Aubel
Barbara Badini
Barbara Baier
Barbara Burke
Barbara Collevechio
Barbara Craig
Barbara Dersch
Barbara Fisher
Barbara Gant
Barbara Grant
Barbara Grile
Barbara Hahn
Barbara Higgason
Barbara Hunter
Barbara Jirka
Barbara Joffe
Barbara Jones
Barbara Kollman
Barbara Lindsay
Barbara Mahany
Barbara Mailfald
Barbara Noll
Barbara Sause
Barbara Schwitzer
Barry Boches
Barry Bordenave
Barry Klompus
Barry Koritza
Barry Schilling
Barry Sullivan
Bart Dickens
Becky Condon
Becky Maloney
Ben McCoy
Benjamin Fields
Bennie Avona
Bernhard B. Bruhn
Bernice Bershad
Beryl Kaplan
Beth Altomonte
Beth Clark
Beth De Larm
Beth Mendelson
Beth Yell
Betsy Bender
Betsy Homer
Betsy Mason
Betsy Wolf
Bettina Peterson
Betty Crocker
Betty Freehling
Betty Kaufman
Betty Makovsky
Betty Park
Betty Timmer
Bev Cohen
Bill Adler
Bill Collins
Bill Darst
Bill Griftner
Bill Kieser
Bill Snyder
Bill White
Bloom High School
Bob Brenner
Bob Buckland
Bob Burgess
Bob Fjelstul
Bob Henderson
Bob Hill
Bob Jones
Bob Kent
Bob Kyle
Bob Lapointe
Bob Levin
Bob Lindsley
Bob O'Brien
Bob Prochnow
Bob Traill
Bobbi Barkus
Bonnie Fiocchi
Bonnie McLeod
Bonnie Paulsen
Bonnie Simmel
Bonny Brust
Brad Coloms
Brad DeSandro
Brad Phillips
Brad Sullivan
Bradford Brown
Bradford Zander
Bradley Dickinson
Bradley Greenberg
Bradley Kobitter
Bradley Lusa
Bradley Ruedig
Bradley Willis
Brant Aitchison
Breaux Walsh
Brenda Gutman
Brenda Zink
Brent Drake
Brent R. Donarski
Bret Harvell
Brian Balwierz
Brian Benjamin
Brian Fisher
Brian Garrett
Brian Mathisen
Brian O'Donnell
Brian Picchietti
Brian R. Gilbert
Brooks Aitchison
Bruce Borland
Bruce Boruszak
Bruce Carman
Bruce Colbert
Bruce Dan
Bruce Ehlers
Bruce Fox
Bruce Freifeld
Bruce Johnson
Bruce Kelm
Bruce L. Felknor Jr.
Bruce Marcus
Bruce Milligan
Bruce Pluskowski
Bruce Rafalson
Bruce Reynolds
Bruce Richards
Bruce Ruedig
Bruce Stupple
Bruce Zavon
Bruce Zimmers
Bryan Crocoll
Brynne Brewster
Cameron Ransom
Canada
Canadian Ecology
Candace Johnson
Candy Barr
Carey Caldwell
Cari Chellstorp
Carl Eichstaedt
Carl Fejes
Carl Holleyman
Carl Petersen
Carl Schwartz
Carla Christopher
Carmen Merino
Carol Aronson
Carol Boettcher
Carol Burgett
Carol Christine Brown
Carol Hamm
Carol Hoover
Carol Jensen
Carol Linville
Carol Mailfald
Carol Neakrans
Carol Smetak
Carol Snyder
Carol Stecker
Carol Tillman
Carol Vandlik
Carol Vesley
Carol Weichmann
Carol West
Carole Weiler
Carolina Merino
Carolyn Elliott
Carolyn Muther
Carolyn Schiffels
Carolyn Yost
Carolynne Berry
Carrie Phillips
Carrie Romcevich
Cary Teich
Caryl Dillon
Caryn Angvall
Caryn Lustigson
Caryn Rouhier
Catherin Milani
Catherine Burke
Catherine Clewlow
Catherine Cooper
Catherine Harrer
Catherine Jaeger
Catherine John
Catherine Kirk
Catherine Kuhlmey
Catherine Leason
Catherine Macrae
Catherine McGee
Catherine Nebbeling
Catherine O'Donnell
Catherine Trom
Cathie Lambert
Cathleen Clancy
Cathleen Horstman
Cathleen Roberts
Cathy Baston
Cathy Beringer
Cathy Craig
Cathy Crear
Cathy Dondanville
Cathy Klemp
Cathy Prasser
Cathy Zahorik
Cathy Zandrik
Cecile Vevoda
Celia Foltz
Central Suburban League
Charles Black
Charles Carani
Charles Horn
Charles Leake
Charles Morrison
Charles Pagano
Charles Peterson
Charles Presberg
Charles Prochnow
Charles Read
Charles Riske
Charles Shepard
Charles Silberman
Charles Smith
Charles Sundmacher
Charmaine Kneuer
Cherie Peterson
Cherry Nipp
Cheryl Borland
Cheryl Fayne
Cheryl Holcombe
Cheryl Mazur
Cheryl Moore
Cheryl Murray
Cheryl Steiger
Cheryl West
Chicago Illinois
Chicago Seven
Chris Aiston
Chris Causey
Chris Clark
Chris Everwine
Chris Gapinski
Chris Haebich
Chris Herman
Chris Kamatos
Chris Kanvik
Chris Le Sueur
Chris Leech
Chris Pedersen
Chris Shelgren
Chris Virzi
Christine Dehler
Christine Grimshaw
Christine Harper
Christine Helgoe
Christine Quain
Christine Voisard
Christopher Boden
Christopher Maloney
Christopher Tuttie
Christy Craig
Chuck Gregory
Cindy Goff
Cindy Hayes
Cindy Koenig
Cindy Lebrun
Cindy McMullen
Cindy Patterson
Cindy Simon
Cindy Weber
Claire Simon
Clarence Schnadt
Clarice Novack
Clark Brady
Claudia Novack
Cliff Miller
Cole Geyer
Colette Wengenroth
Colleen Dunn
Colleen McKimmon
Colleen O'Shaughnessy
Connie Lambert
Constance Frigo
Constance Sutton
Corinna Kneuer
Cort Lewis
Corvin Alsot
Cory Anderson
Cory Kaufman
Craig Bell
Craig Blietz
Craig Boyce
Craig Carnelli
Craig Danner
Craig McMeen
Craig Nadborne
Craig Strangohr
Curt Anderson
Curt Gendron
Curtis Hugunin
Cydney Levin
Cynthia A. Holcombe
Cynthia Alfraid
Cynthia Beckett
Cynthia Bonczkiewicz
Cynthia Clohesey
Cynthia Flandreau
Cynthia Frank
Cynthia Gerstein
Cynthia Hart
Cynthia Hohlfelder
Cynthia Kennedy
Cynthia Malek
Cynthia Manfredini
Cynthia Richter
D.S. Schwartz
Dacia Fahler
Dale Galsky
Dale Kahn
Dale Solberg
Damon De Pree
Dan Buthman
Dan Darnell
Dan Innes
Dan Seidman
Dan Vincett
Dan Wachholder
Dan Weil
Dana Brinkman
Dana Turner
Danald Prochnow
Dane Eliason
Dane Neller
Daniel Badini
Daniel Bauler
Daniel Bernstein
Daniel Cortopassi
Daniel Evans
Daniel Flax
Daniel Gamso
Daniel Gavin
Daniel Haertle
Daniel Harvey
Daniel Hayes
Daniel Hirsch
Daniel Kalupa
Daniel Kelley
Daniel Kells
Daniel Krase
Daniel Latter
Daniel McLaughlin
Daniel Scala
Daniel Scott
Daniel Walker
Daphne Carolan
Daralyn Whitton
Darlene Galligan
Darlin Kalmes
Dave Bloom
Dave Greear
Dave Gursoy
Dave Lindquist
Dave Scheskie
Dave VonderLinden
Dave Wahlstrom
David Aberson
David Abrahams
David Barth
David Belofsky
David Boettcher
David Buthman
David Byard
David Camp
David Carlson
David Clabots
David Comport
David Devine
David Elliot
David Eppstein
David Getz
David Gitles
David Greenebaum
David Haertle
David Holladay
David Hornor
David Howe
David Jackman
David Josephson
David Kalmikoff
David Kidd
David Koopman
David Labuda
David Leader
David Longhini
David Lyons
David McClellan
David Mitchell
David Moran
David Mutchler
David Natof
David Nisen
David Poole
David Reid
David Ritter
David Seidman
David Sternberg
David Stowell
David Varney
David Veatch
David Voisard
David Weber
David Weil
David Weir
David Whitley
Dawn Pfeiffer
Dawne Swanson
Dean Erhard
Dean Sherman
Dean Silas
Dean Sims
Dean Zuccarello
Debbie Batko
Debbie Biggam
Debbie Desenis
Debbie Groover
Debbie LaRoche
Debbie Olson
Debbie Stull
Debbie Zendlovitz
Deborah Blevins
Deborah Brown
Deborah Caruso
Deborah Coburn
Deborah Cornell
Deborah De Vries
Deborah Duke
Deborah Frase
Deborah Kelley
Deborah Kerr
Deborah La Rash
Deborah Larson
Deborah Pinney
Deborah Prager
Deborah Thurston
Deborah Ugolini
Deborah Varney
Deborah Whitfield
Deborah Wishne
Debra Bloom
Debra Endean
Debra Gorchoff
Debra Hatorn
Debra Hayard
Debra Hopwood
Debra Keller
Debra Lundquist
Debra Naylor
Debra Nolan
Deerfield High School
Deerfield High School Acapella Choir
Deerfield High School Administration
Deerfield High School American Field Service
Deerfield High School Applied Arts Department
Deerfield High School Applied Arts Department Chairman
Deerfield High School Assistant Principal
Deerfield High School Astronomy Club
Deerfield High School Badminton
Deerfield High School Band
Deerfield High School Basketball
Deerfield High School Big Sister-Little Sister Dinner
Deerfield High School Book Sale
Deerfield High School Camera Club
Deerfield High School Cheerleaders
Deerfield High School Chess Club
Deerfield High School Cooperative Work Programs
Deerfield High School Cooperative Work Training
Deerfield High School Cross Country
Deerfield High School Dance Club
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