Browse Items (81 total)
- Tags: Modern Community Developers Inc.
What's Behind Deerfield's Integration Furor?
Tags: Adlai E. Stevenson, Arthur G. Falls, Bette Gifford Johnson, Charles Benton, Charles F. Rippey, Chicago Area Suburbs, Chicago Sun-Times, Concord Park Subdivision, Deerfield Illinois, Deerfield Integration, Deerfield Road, Deerfield Village Manager, Deerfield Village Meetings, Earl B. Dickerson, Encyclopedia Britannica Films, Episcopal Church, Evanston Illinois, Floral Park Model Homes, Francis Heisler, Glen Acres Subdivision, Greenbelt Knoll Subdivision, Hugh Hough, Illinois, Inland Steel Company, Integrated Neighborhoods and Developments, Jack D. Parker, John E. Lemmon, John W. Hunt, June Courington, Kenneth I. Russ, Lincoln Acres Development Corporation, Maplecrest Subdivision, Max Weinrib, Maynard C. Krueger, Modern Community Developers Inc., Morris L. Courington, Morris Milgram, Mrs. Walker Smith, New Jersey, Newspaper Article, Norris W. Stilphen, Osterman Avenue, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, Princeton New Jersey, Progress Development Corporation, Property Values, Property Values and Race, Real Estate Value, Religious Response to the Deerfield Integration Case, Richard J. Nelson, St. Gregory Episcopal Church, Supreme Liberty Life Insurance Company, Trevose Pennsylvania, University of Chicago, University of Chicago Economics Department, University of Chicago History Department, Western Springs Illinois, William Benton, William Bross Lloyd Jr., Wilmette Illinois, Wilmot Road
Want to Do Something Concrete for Brotherhood?
Tags: American Freedom of Residence Fund, Charles Benton, Chicago Illinois, David H. McAlpin Jr., Deerfield Illinois, Deerfield Integration Lawsuits, Deerfield Park District, Deerfield Park District Board of Directors, Donald S. Frey, Dorothy S. Norman, Edward L. Greenfield, Eleanor Israel, Eleanor Roosevelt, Elizabeth Freund, Frank McCallister, Gene Phillips, Housing Integration, James A. Pike, James Farmer, Jonas H. Slator, Lisa Howard, Modern Community Developers Inc., N.O. Calloway, Norman Thomas, Oscar Brown Jr., Paul V. Berggren, Progress Development Corporation, Ray Gibbons, Samuel R. Pierce, Wells D. Burnette, William J. Vanden Heuvel
Voice of the People
Tags: Adolph Hitler, Chicago Tribune, Communism, David Fishman, Deerfield Illinois, Deerfield Integration, Equal Opportunity in Housing, Equality of Opportunity, Housing Integration, Housing Restrictions, Integrated Neighborhoods and Developments, J. Miller, Letter to the Editor, Malcolm Poland, Mary B. Day, Maywood Illinois, Modern Community Developers Inc., Morris Milgram, Newspaper Article, Open Occupancy Housing, Property Values, Property Values and Race, Racial Prejudice, Restricted Housing, Roy L. Brown
U.S. Enjoins Deerfield in Housing Row
Tags: Byron S. Matthews, Chicago Tribune, Civil Rights, Deerfield Building Code, Deerfield Citizens Committee, Deerfield Illinois, Deerfield Integration, Deerfield Integration Lawsuits, Deerfield Park District, Deerfield Park District Board of Directors, Deerfield Village Attorney, Deerfield Village Board of Trustees, Equal Protection of the Law, Foster Avenue, Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection Clause United States Constitution, Integrated Neighborhoods and Developments, Joseph Samuel Perry, Land Condemnation, Modern Community Developers Inc., Newspaper Article, North Shore Residents Association, Park Referendum, Progress Development Corporation, Temporary Restraining Order, United States Code, United States Constitution Fourteenth Amendment, United States Federal District Court of Chicago, United States Federal District Court System
They Said: 'Keep Out'
Tags: Adrien L. Ringuette, Alan B. Shepard School, Book Review, Brotherhood, But Not Next Door, Chicago Area Suburbs, Chicago Illinois, Controlled Occupancy Policy, Copy, Court Case Documents, David H. Rosen, Deerfield Citizens for Human Rights, Deerfield Illinois, Deerfield Park District, Deerfield Park District Board of Directors, Episcopal Church, Harold C. Lewis, Harry M. Rosen, Integrated Neighborhoods and Developments, Ivan Obolensky Inc., Jack D. Parker, Keith Wheeler, Land Condemnation, Little Rock Arkansas, Modern Community Developers Inc., Morris Milgram, National Media Coverage, North Shore, Park Referendum, Peaceable Lane, Property Values, Property Values and Race, South Africa, Ted Poston, United States Federal District Court
The White Sentinel
Tags: 4th Assembly District Bronx New York, A. Philip Randolph, A.J. Muste, ABCs of Scapegoating, Action for World Federation, Adlai E. Stevenson, AFL-CIO Committee on Civil Rights, Albert S. Coolidge, Alfred B. Lewis, American Association of Scientific Workers, American Baptist Church, American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born, American Committee for Yugoslav Relief, American Committee on Africa, American Communist Party, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), American Friends of Spanish Democracy, American Friends Service Committee, American League Against War and Fascism, American League for Peace and Democracy, American Peace Crusade, American Society of Friends, American Student Union, American Youth Congress, Arthur E. Morgan, Averell Harriman Equal Housing Opportunity Award, B'nai Brith, Baltimore Maryland, Benjamin J. Anderson, Boston Massachusetts, Brotherhood of Sleeping-Car Porters, Brotherhood Week, California, Carl Marzani, Catherine B. Wurster, Central YMCA College, Charles Abrams, Charles Aimmerman, Charles S. Zimmerman, Chicago Daily News, Chicago Illinois, Chock Full O'Nuts, Christianity, Church Peace Mission, Citizens Committee to Free Earl Browder, Civil Rights, Clarence E. Pickett, Clark Smith, Class Struggle, Clemency Appeal for Green and Winston, Communism, Community Church, Concord Park Subdivision, Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), Congressional Investigations, Congressional Record, Connecticut, CORE-Lator Newsletter, Council for Pan American Democracy, Daily Worker, Dave Meade, David H. Scull, Dean Chamberlin, Delaware, Donald Harrington, Dorothy L. Height, Durham North Carolina, Earl Browder, Edward D. Hollander, Edward P. Eichler, Edward P. Morgan, Edwin T. Dahlberg, Eleanor Roosevelt, Equal Opportunity in Housing, Equal Rights, Equality of Opportunity, Estrella Matos, Evanston Illinois, Expose Newspaper, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Federation of Architects Engineers Chemists and Technicians, Fellowship of Reconciliation, Forest W. Wolf, Fort Lauderdale Florida, Frances Levenson, Frank C. Montero, Frank S. Loescher, Franklin H. Williams, Frederick D. Patterson, Gene Weltfish, George J. Ritter, George M. Johnson, Gordon H. Scherer, Gordon W. Allport, Greater Boston Peace Strike Committee, Greater New York Urban League, Gus Hall, Harold J. Gibbons, Harvard University, Haverford Pennsylvania, Helen M. Wolf, Hell's Kitchen New York City, Henry Hitt Crane, Homer A. Jack, Hotel Jefferson, Hotel Savoy-Plaza, Housing Desegregation, Housing Integration, Housing Segregation, Howard Thurman, Humanitarianism, Integrated Neighborhoods and Developments, International Labor Defense, International Workers Order, Interracial Review, Iowa, J. Edgar Hoover, J.B. Matthews, Jackie Robinson, Jacob K. Javits, James O. Eastland, Jerry Voorhis, Jewish Labor Committee, Jim Peck, John H. Wheeler, John J. O'Connor, Joseph F. Rosenfield, Joseph McCarthy, Joseph S. Clark Jr., Joseph Stalin, Kenneth Coleman, Kivie Kaplan, Ku Klux Klan, League for Industrial Democracy, League for Mutual Aid, Lee F. Johnson, Leo K. Bishop, Leon Trotsky, Leonard G. Haeger, Lloyd K. Garrison, Lonnie Bennett, Loren Miller, Luis Carols Prestes, Luther Gordon, Marietta Tree, Martin Luther King Jr., Martin Meyerson, Marxism, Maryland, Massachusetts, Massachusetts Legislative Investigating Committee, Maurice N. Eisendrath, Max Delson, Maynard C. Krueger, Mechanics and Farmers Bank, Methodist Church, Minnesota, Minnesota Governor, Mississippi, Modern Community Developers Inc., Modern Community Developers Inc. National Advisory Committee, Morris Milgram, Morton S. Grossman, Moscow Russia, Municipal Court 2nd District Manhattan, NAACP Committee of 100, NAACP Life Membership Committee, NAACP National Board, NAACP National Legal Committee, NAACP West Coast Regional Secretary Counsel, Nation Associates, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), National Citizens Political Action Committee, National Citizens Protective Association, National Committee to Win Amnesty for Smith Act Victims, National Conference of Christians and Jews (NCCJ), National Council for a Permanent FEPC, National Council of American-Soviet Friendship, National Council of Churches, National Council of Negro Women, National Emergency Conference, National Federation for Constitutional Liberties, National Federation of Temple Brotherhoods, National Negro Congress, National Religion and Labor Foundation, National Sharecroppers Fund, National States Rights Party, National Student Union, National Urban League, National Urban League Annual Conference, National Urban League Board of Trustees, New York City New York, New York Post, New York State Commission Against Discrimination, Newsletter, Nikita Khrushchev, Norman Thomas, Orville L. Freeman, Patrick Murphy Malin, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Committee for Total Disarmament, Philadelphia Citizens Sponsoring Committee, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Urban League, Philip M. Klutznick, President of the United States, President's Conference of Major National Jewish Organizations, Princeton New Jersey, Progress Development Corporation, Protestantism, Public School System, Public School Teachers, Quakers, Racial Animosity, Racial Integration, Racial Prejudice, Racial Segregation, Racism, Ramer Wooderson, Robert C. Weaver, Rosa Keller, Roy Wilkins, Rutgers University, Ruth Benedict, School Integration, Sidney Hollander, Socialism, Socialist Party, Sophia Yarnall Jacobs, Southern Negro Youth Congress, Soviet Union (USSR), St. Johns College, St. Louis Missouri, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Stalin Communists, Stalinism, Stockton California, Stringfellow Barr, Stuart E. Wallace, Student League for Democracy, Students for Federal World Government, Suburbanization, Sumner A. Mills, Teamsters Union, The Independent, The Races of Mankind, The Resolution of Inter-Group Tensions, The Thunderbolt Newsletter, Theodore Kheel, Trade Union Accident and Health Association, Trotskyite, Trotskyite Communists, Un-American Activities in California Report to the Legislature, Unitarian Church, United American Spanish Aid Committee, United May Day Committee, United States Attorney General, United States Department of Justice, United States House of Representatives, United States House of Representatives Un-American Activities Committee, United States Senator, University of Chicago, University of Virginia, Victor Gruen, Washington Bookshop, Washington Committee to Lift the Spanish Embargo, Washington D.C., White American News Service, White Flight, William C. Hooper, William H. Scheide, William L.C. Wheaton, Workers Alliance, Workers Defense League, World Constitutional Convention
The Tragedy of Our Time: But Not Next Door
Tags: American Joint Distribution Committee, Boston University, Boston University School of Social Work, Brochure, But Not Next Door, Chicago Area Suburbs, David H. Rosen, Deerfield Illinois, Deerfield Integration, Deerfield Park District Superintendent, Deerfield Village Manager, Eleanor Roosevelt, Floral Park Model Homes, France, French-Jewish Community, Harry M. Rosen, Integrated Neighborhoods and Developments, Ivan Obolensky, Ivan Obolensky Inc., Jacob K. Javits, Jewish Community Centers Association, Jewish Hospital of Saint Louis, Joseph L. Rauh Jr., Judaism, Little Rock Arkansas, Little Rock of Housing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Modern Community Developers Inc., Morris Milgram, Ohio State University, Property Values, Property Values and Race, Social Work, United States Supreme Court
The Negro in White Suburbia: Community Power vs. Human Rights
Tags: A. Philip Randolph, Adlai E. Stevenson, African American Veterans, Alice Untermyer, All-White Suburbs, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), American Freedom of Residence Fund, American Friends Service Committee, Anti-Defamation League, Arson, Arthur G. Falls, Ashland Virginia, Asian Americans, Avon Books, Bernard M. Decker, Birmingham Alabama, Birmingham City Council, Black Nationalist Movements, Borough Council, Bronx New York City, Brotherhood of Sleeping-Car Porters, Brown v. Board of Education, Buchanan v. Warley, Buckley, Building Code Regulations, Building Codes, Building Codes as a Legal Device to Ensure Segregation, But Not Next Door, C. Vann Woodward, California State Attorney General, Caucasians Only, Charles Abrams, Chester Pennsylvania, Chicago Daily News, Chicago Defender, Chicago Illinois, Chicago Loop, Chicago News, Chinese Americans, Church Leaders, City of Brotherly Love, City of Creve Cour v. Weinstein, Civil Rights, Civil Rights Act of 1866, Civil Rights Cases of 1883, Civil Rights in the North, Clement E. Vose, Columbians, Common Law, Community Harassment, Community Leaders, Community Officials, Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), Cook County Illinois Circuit Court, Corrigan, Corrigan v. Buckley, Creve Cour Aldermen, Creve Cour Mayor, Creve Cour Missouri, Dallas Texas, David H. Rosen, Deerfield American Legion Hall, Deerfield Building Commissioner, Deerfield Citizens Committee, Deerfield Citizens for Human Rights, Deerfield Integration, Deerfield Integration Lawsuits, Deerfield Park District, Deerfield Park District Board of Directors, Deerfield Park District v. Progress Development Corporation, Deerfield Planning Commission, Deerfield School District #109 Board of Education, Deerfield School District #110 Board of Education, Deerfield Village Board of Trustees, Deerfield Village Board of Trustees President, Deerfield Village Meetings, Delay in Issuing Permits, Detroit Michigan, Developing Open Communities, District of Columbia, District of Columbia Supreme Court, Economic Discrimination, Edwin Robson, Eleanor Roosevelt, Eminent Domain, England, English Common Law, Ethel Untermyer, Eugene Gressman, Eunice Grier, Excessive Stringency in Inspections, Fair Housing Committees, Fair Housing Laws, Federal Government Agencies, First Option Agreements, First Unitarian Church of Evanston, Floral Park Subdivision, Forbidden Neighbors, Ford Motor Company, Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection Clause United States Constitution, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Freedom of Residence, Freedom of Residence Foundation Inc., George T. Raymond, George W. Grier, German, German Jews, Ghetto Complex, Ghetto Growth, Government Printing Office, Greenwood Mississippi, Gus Tyler, Harold C. Lewis, Harper and Brothers, Harry M. Rosen, Hawaiians, Henry G. Sweney, Highland Park High School, Highland Park Illinois, Home Titles, Homer A. Jack, Homes Without Hate, Hostility to Integrated Housing, Housing, Housing Discrimination, Housing Integration, Housing Segregation, Houston Texas, Howard Hoosin, Howard Venable, Human Rights, Ian D. McMahan, Illinois, Illinois Supreme Court, Immigration, Integrated Neighborhoods and Developments, Integration Educational Programs, Integration Poll, Ivan Obolensky, Jack D. Parker, James C. Mitchell, James Hurd, Japanese Americans, Jim Crow Laws, Job Discrimination, John F. Kennedy, John P. Morris, John Silard, John W. Hunt, Joseph G. Powell, Joseph L. Rauh Jr., Joseph Samuel Perry, Joseph W. Koss, Judaism, Judicial Enquiry, Katie Venable, Ku Klux Klan, Lake County Circuit Court, Lake County Illinois, Land Condemnation, Lillian Falls, Lisle C. Carter Jr., Lithuanian, Lithuanian Jews, Little Rock Arkansas, Little Rock of Housing, Local Officials, Logical Variances, Long Island New York, Louisville Kentucky, Lower East Side New York City, Main Line, Marvin Weisbord, Max Weinrib, Mexan Americans, Miami Florida, Milpitas California, Milpitas Sewer Board, Mitchell Rosenfeld, Mob Violence, Modern Community Developers Inc., Montgomery County Maryland, Morris Milgram, Mrs. Rowan Wiley, Myth of Declining Real Estate Values Due to Integration, Nashville Tennessee, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), National Committee Against Discrimination in Housing (NCDH), National Committee of Sponsors, National Student Councils of the YMCA and YWCA, National Urban League, Neighborhood Protective Associations, Neighborhood School System, Nelson Bengston, New Orleans Louisiana, New York, New York City New York, Newton N. Minow, Norfolk Virginia, North Shore, North Shore Residents Association, Northern Industrial Areas, Northern Patterns of Residence, Northern Urban Centers, Northern Urbanization, Occupancy Certificates, Oxford University Press, Panic Selling, Park Board v. Progress, Park Referendum, Pear Tree Subdivision, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Guardian, Pennsylvania State Attorney General, Philadelphia Commission on Human Relations, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, Polish, Polish Jews, Populist Movement, Portland Oregon, Portuguese, Portuguese Jews, Post-War Housing Shortage, Presidential Executive Orders, Princeton New Jersey, Princeton University, Private Contracts, Progress Development Corporation, Progress Development Corporation v. Mitchell, Progress v. Mitchell, Property Values, Public Hysteria, Public Officials, Racial Covenants, Racial Discrimination, Racial Discrimination in Housing, Racial Restrictive Covenants, Racial Segregation, Racial Zoning, Racial Zoning as a Legal Device, Racial Zoning Laws, Real Estate Value, Religious Discrimination, Residential Segregation, Restrictive Covenant, Richard G. Kahn, Richland Water District, Richland Water District Water Commissioners, Richmond Virginia, Right of Freehold, Robert E. Bowen, Roland B. Barnes, Rowan Wiley, Russian, Russian Jews, Rutledge Pennsylvania, San Francisco California, San Francisco Chronicle, San Jose California, School Integration, School Segregation, Seth Glickenhaus, Southern Patterns of Residence, Southern Segregation, St. Gregory Episcopal Church, St. Joseph Michigan, St. Louis Circuit Court of Appeals, St. Louis Missouri, Stereotypes, Straw-Buyers, Suburbanization, Swarthmore Pennsylvania, Terrorism, The Deerfield Coloring Book, The Progressive, The Strange Career of Jim Crow, Theodor P. Repsholdt, Theodore Spaulding, United Automobile Workers of America AFL-CIO, United States Circuit Court of Appeals, United States Civil Rights Commission, United States Constitution, United States Constitution Fourteenth Amendment, United States Deputy Attorney General, United States Federal District Court, United States Federal District Court of Chicago, United States Federal District Court System, United States Supreme Court, University of California Press, Vandalism, W. Willard Wirtz, Washington D.C., Western Springs Illinois, Western Springs Park District, Western Springs Park District v. Falls, White Citizens' Councils, White Flight, Wiley v. Richland Water District, Winston-Salem North Carolina, World War I, World War II, Zoning Ordinances
The Deerfield Story
Tags: Adlai E. Stevenson, African Americans, AFSC Housing Opportunities Program, Alice Walton, American Friends Service Committee, American Friends Service Committee Educational Campaign, Anita Clair, Arthur G. Falls, Bannockburn Illinois, Charles Benton, Chicago Brotherhood, Chicago Daily News, Chicago Illinois, Chicago Sun-Times, Chicago Tribune, Chicago's American, Connecticut, Dave Meade, Deerfield Citizens for Human Rights, Deerfield Integration Lawsuits, Deerfield Road, Deerfield Village Meetings, Dorothy Repsholdt, Dorothy V. Arns, Edward G. Olsen, Eleanor Roosevelt, Equal Opportunity in Housing, Evanston Illinois, Floral Park Model Homes, Floral Park Subdivision, Fund for the Republic, George Nangan Company, Harold C. Lewis, Highland Park High School, Highland Park Illinois, Housing Integration, Inland Steel Company, Jack D. Parker, Jacob K. Javits, John E. Lemmon, John W. Hunt, Joseph S. Clark Jr., Joslyn Green, Judaism, June Courington, Kale Williams, Lake Forest Illinois, Legality of Segregation, Len Bishop, Lincoln Acres Development Corporation, Lincolnshire Illinois, Little Rock Arkansas, Marilyn Harris, Mary G. Mazur, Mason-Dixon Line, Max Weinrib, Modern Community Developers Inc., Morris L. Courington, Morris Milgram, Mrs. Robert Ettinger, National Brotherhood Week, New Jersey, New York Times, North Shore, North Shore Human Relations Committee, North Shore Residents Association, Northbrook Illinois, Northfield Illinois, Orville L. Freeman, Park Ridge Illinois, Paul Burdlek, Paul J. Aicher, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, Princeton New Jersey, Progress Development Corporation, Property Values, Protestantism, Quakers, Racial Integration, Real Estate, Real Estate Value, Residential Equality, Richard J. Nelson, Robert Ettinger, Robert H. Mazur, Roman Catholic Church, Sidra DeKoven, Socialism, St. Gregory Episcopal Church, Stevenson Rifkind and Wirtz, Theodor P. Repsholdt, Time Magazine, William Benton, Wilmot Road, Zion Lutheran Church
Temple Congregation Speech
Tags: Africa, Anti-Semitism, Arthur G. Falls, Arthur Shay, Atlanta Journal, B'nai Brith, Bedroom Community, Bernard Scotch, Briargate Country Club, Briarwood Golf Club, Brotherhood, Brown v. Board of Education, But Not Next Door, Charlotte Scotch, Chicago Area Suburbs, Chicago Illinois, Clinton Tennessee, Communism, Controlled Occupancy Policy, Cuba, David H. Rosen, Deerfield American Legion Hall, Deerfield Building Code, Deerfield Building Commissioner, Deerfield Citizens Committee, Deerfield Citizens for Human Rights, Deerfield Demographics, Deerfield Grammar School, Deerfield Illinois, Deerfield Integration, Deerfield Park District, Deerfield Park District Board of Directors, Deerfield Park District Superintendent, Deerfield Review, Deerfield School District #109, Deerfield School District #110, Deerfield Village Board of Trustees, Deerfield Village Manager, Deerfield Village Meetings, Deerfield Village Officials, Deerfield Zoning Ordinances, Economic Motivations for Prejudice, Edwin C. Berry, Eleanor Roosevelt, Elizabeth Dilling, Europe, Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Floral Park Model Homes, Ford Edsel, Harold C. Lewis, Hate Literature, Highland Park High School, Housing Integration, Hungary, Individual Rights, Integrated Neighborhoods and Developments, Integration Poll, Jack D. Parker, Jackie Robinson, Jacob K. Javits, James A. Pike, James Baldwin, Janet Dash, Joseph G. Powell, Judaism, Juvenile Delinquency, Land Condemnation, Little Rock Arkansas, Little Rock of the North, Lorraine Ralph Stern, Louis Lomax, Martin Luther King Jr., Max Weinrib, Mississippi, Modern Community Developers Inc., Morris Milgram, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), National Urban League, Neighborhood Integration, New York Times, Norris W. Stilphen, North Shore, North Shore Residents Association, Oak Park Village Board of Trustees, Oscar Hammerstein II, Overt Racism, Oxford Mississippi, Parent Teacher Association, Park Referendum, Philadelphia Pennsylvania, Philip M. Klutznick, Prejudice, Princeton New Jersey, Progress Development Corporation, Property Values, Protestantism, Quakers, Race Relations, Racial Discrimination, Racial Integration, Real Estate Agents, Red Hand Over Deerfield, Religious Response to the Deerfield Integration Case, Robert C. Weaver, Roman Catholic Church, Russell R. Bletzer, Russia, School Integration, School Segregation, Social Fabric of the Community, Social Justice, Sociologists, Speeches, Suburbia, Synagogue, Temporary Injunction, The Massive Wallop, Theodor P. Repsholdt, Unitarian Church, United States Federal District Court, United States Supreme Court, Vandalism, Waukegan Illinois, West Deerfield Township Library, White Citizens Councils, White Supremacy, Whitney Young, World War II