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DEERFIELD PUBLIC LIBRARY
920 WAUKEGAN ROAD
DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015
847-945-3311
FAX 847-945-3402

DEERFIELD

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�.oTrOBfY OF DEERFIELD Source',

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Page One hundred seven

M #.r\
•■the fire chief or chief of police and that all firemen be
jputized as police officers in time of fire.
/
'The increasing demand for suburban property .near
hicago, especially along the north shore are factors in
■inging about added interest to the "North Shore West"
rea. The completion of the new Union Station was ex­
acted to bring better train service on theXJhicago, Milaukee and St. Paul Railway.
/
The proximity of Deerfield to Highland Park and Lake
orest, and to Ravinia with its gran'd opera in the sumer is greatly in favor of the development of a high
•ade community. For the wtimen the easy access to
Highland Park Woman’e^Club, with its excellent culiral programs, to the North Shore Chapter Daughters of
,e American Revolution (for those who are eligible)
ith its fine patriots and educational work, adds to
eerfield's desirability as a residence place.

y

DEERFIELD ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION

The Deerfield Athletic Association, of which Jack
!yers 'is the patron and sponsor, is composed of young
en of ^the Village who are champion baseball anty footall players
none
The Deerfield-Shields High School is second
nong suburban high schools. The Deerfield Gfammar
;hool is far superior to what it was ten years ago.. The
imerous\golf clubs in the vicinity, such as JBriergate,
leu Acres, Skokie, Ridge, Old Elm, Exmoor, Onwentsia,
ernon Ridge, Breakers Beach, Lake Shore, Bob O’ Link,
inset Ridge, Knollwood, Illinois, Mission Ridge, Sunset
alley, Norlhmoor, Illinois, Columbian, Hunters’, and Big
sn Country Club, leave beautiful open spaces that premt congestion.
/
There are\ four churches, one Catholic, and three
rotestant in\ Deerfield and a public library.
The shopping facilities are good for a village. Two
:y goods stores, Schells’ and Olendorf’fi; three grocery
ores and markets, R. A. Nelson’s, Henry Gastfield’s, Sol
lapiro’s; a butcher shop, of Wrn. St/inhaus; the Kay
jauty shop, anti the Deerfield beauty/parlor; three barjr shops, Matt Hoffman’s, Chris Siffeyt’s and Sc.avuzzoM;
iree restaurants\ Bertolini and Lencioni’s, the Bluebird,
id the Barbecue; two confectionery stores, the Brier
weet Shoppe anal the Bluebird; two drug stores, T. J.
.naak’s and Laegter and Hout’s;/ Coleman’s Variety
;ore; an A. and R store; fruit Store; two tailors and
eaners, Vincent Silveri and North Shore Cleaners; the
eerfield Bakery; tv^o plumbing/and heating establishents, William H. BaVrott’s and ilton Frantz; two elec•ic shops, William Seiler’s, and/William Desmond’s; one
irdware store, that of Jack Nbtz; one furnace and tin
iop, John J. M^MahonTs; two garages, Knaak’s and Pete
ihrend’s; four real estate and insurance offices, Charles
apschull’s, Frank Russo's, Foxworthy’s, and Vant and
ilig’s- one delicatessen \and confectionery of Edward
leimehl; three nurseries,/ICottrasch Bros., Franken
ros and F D. Clavey; tw«/ lumber and coal companies,
le Deerfield Lumber Com ny, The Mercer Lumber Co.
id the Lake County Coa ind Material Company;
. the
..
aco oil station; the StafidaVd Oil Company plant; the
eerfield Interior Finish/ComWny; The Deerfield State
auk- The Deerfield Chevrolet Sales Company; The Busrt Construction Comphny (vfeter mains and sewers);
he Kapschul Davis CdnstructiW Company (roads and
iving); The Perry Keast Battery Shop; a number of
winters and decorators, Ross Sherman, McGarvie, Wilani Kreh, Builders,/Ed. Segert, John Huhn, R E and
G Pettis A J. Johnson, Alex Taylor, Cashmore, Thilo
oil Frank Jacobs/ C. B. FoxwoAhy W. Ai ken; two
ell drillers, Linco/n Pettis, and Al*n Meyer; two bnckirds the Illinois and the National; Hiree piano teachers,
ranees Biederstadt, Mrs. C. G. PeTtis. Bertha Weiss;
ehr? Music Shop, for radios a\d piano tuning;
naak’s Music Itore,''for pianos, radSs and victrolas;
naaK s music p
The Herman Frost Newspaper
he Hotel Deerfield-;
agency, that
gency and po/l room; one sewing machine
Stryker
f A. H. Muhljfe; two sewer% .oward
painter;' Ira
ad George Burnet ^ Arc
Fr0st, concrete blocks;
ole, cement contractor,....
station; iT\ Hole’s Deerlvin KnaaS’s Dee
Pastoret Construction Com­
eld Paving 9ompra07tractors are George Pettis, Fred

any.

Teaming coiitrac^^ Huehl; a shoe repairing

elig, Chester Wolf,
Deerfield bakery; a mimeo■ore (Azjld Tamelen) aR“eetw0 band leaders, H. E.
raphing /plant (Call l 0J*£moIlg the dairy companies
hich have se.^ce in Deerfield are the Bowman, Hoh-

felder, Clover Leaf, Santi. WHT, the radio broadcasting
station, is in Deerfield.
The Lake County Register of June 18, 1927, liad the
following item:

BOARD WILL REDISTRICT TOWNSHIP
West Deerfield to Get New Precinct at Supervisors Meet
According to Schedule—Action on
Waukegan Delayed
Action was to be taken Thursday afternoon at the
board of supervisors’ meeting redistricting the Town of
West Deerfield, one new polling place to be added.
The resolution expected to be passed provides for
dividing the Town of West Deerfield as follows:
District 1—All that part of West Deerfield lying south
of the Half Day Road and the Milwaukee and St. Paul
Railroad tracks.
District 2—All that part of West Deerfield lying south
of the Half Day Road and west of the railroad tracks.
District 3—All that part of West Deerfield lying north
of the Half Day Road.

“UNDERGROUND RAILROAD” ACTIVITIES
The first real information of Andrew Jackson, the run­
away slave, Samuel Ott imparts to this generation. In the
winter of 1858 a mulatto, about 28 years of age, came to the
home of Lvman Wilmot. the Abolitionist, at night, via the
“Underground Railway,” from Mississippi. The lake was
frozen, so the blackman could not be sent across to Canada,
therefore he had been taken to Deerfield. Mr. Wilmot
brought the slave to the Lorenz Ott home to do the chores,
so that the children could go to school.
Keeping a runaway slave was against the law, but the
Abolitionists felt that they were in the right by disobeying
an unjust law. Andrew Jackson's father was a white man, ■
and he worked oh his father’s plantation where he saw his
white sisters. The plantation owner was more lenient to
his son than to his other slaves, and Andrew learned more
than his companions, therefore the desire to be free so
overcame the lad that it led him to attempt to escape, but
bloodhounds tracked him, and he was brought back. In
his second attempt at freedom he was successful, and. he
crossed the Ohio River, where he was sent on his journey
north.
The man was a good worker, kept the horses clean (he
had been a yardman on the plantation) and “made a nice
gate of stout wood” which he said would last till the slaves
were freed. When that occurred he requested Mr. Ott to
destroy the gate, which sentimental resque3t was not heeded
by the thrifty farmer. When spring came, and the roads
were muddy, Andrew Jackson prepared to leave. Lorenz
Ott made him a new suit, and gave him money for boat
fare, and Lyman Wilmot took him to Chicago, where he
escaped to Caimdal After reaching the slaves’ haven, An­
drew wrote"to ills benefactors who had taught him to read
and write, ofliis safe arrival, and that was the last that
they ever heard of him. Samuel Ott was fourteen years of
age at the time, and he recalls much that the negro did
r\ while here.
\ From another source it is learned that the slave, An* drew Jackson’s escape was planned because he had been
sold. “My kind master found it necessary to sell me. None
of the slaves were given any education as our masters
thought that we would rebel or outwit them. But a. friend
told me that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west
and that as one goes further south it gets warmer, and
going north it gets colder. With this information only, I
decided to run away. I was soon captured for my master
had discovered my absence soon after I left, and had sent
bloodhounds after me. When taking me back to the planta' tion my captor tied my arms with a rope, which was
fastened to the horse, and made me walk in front of him,
while he rode.. I loosened the rope and walked along as if
I were not trying to escape. Soon I noticed that my master
was sleeping, so I dropped the rope, and jumped into the
woods. Most of the time I hid during the day, and often
my pursuers were, so close to my hiding place that I could
hear my master giving directions to them.
“Several times I was without food for a number of days.
Many times I ate raw corn taken from a field when I passed
through it. One. time I fell in a barrel when I was looking
for food, and even though I hurt my hip severely, I man­
aged to limp back into the woods. One day I came to a
hut and asked a girl, who was alone, for some bread, which
I could see was freshly baked. The child refused to give
it to me so I grabbed a few loaves and ran, and when
safely hidden, ate them. These are but a few of my hard-

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Page One hundred eight
ships, but I am glad to be with friends now.”
A group of Abolitionists lived in Highland Park, and
would often come to Deerfield if they knew that the farm­
ers were bringing their crops to town. Often many hotdebates took place on what is now known as Antes’ Corner.
A great many negroes passed through Deerfield, but no­
body remembers a direct route which they used when they
traveled through this part of the country, according to the
little history of Deerfield prepared by the pupils in the
grammar school in 1918, under the direction of Clifford
Huffmaster, the World War invalid principal.

PIONEER LIFE
C. A;. Partridge in his History of ,Lake County says:
"True history records the trials and the triumphs, the
failures and the successes of the men who make history.
The impulsive power which shapes/ the course of com­
munities ipay be .found in the molding influences which
• form its citizens. The list of those to whose lot it falls
to play a conspicuous part in the great drama of life is
comparatively short; yet communities are made up of in­
dividuals and the aggregate of achievements, no less than
the sum total of human happiness, is made up of the
deeds of those men and wom^n whose primary aim
through life is faithfully to perform the duty that comes
nearest to hand. Individual influence upon human affairs
will be considered potent or significant according to the
standpoint from which it is viewed.”
In the record of each man and family may be traced
some feature which influenced/or has been stamped upon
the community life, and these sketches show the strug­
gles, the labor, and the successes, or the failures, that
engrossed their lives.
“A few yet remain whosi years have passed the al­
lotted three score\ years and ten, who love to recount
among the cherished memories of their lives their remi­
niscences of early days in I/ake County."
Clergymen, physicians, educators, home makers, farm­
ers, lawyers, leave their influence upon the community
development in a way that fit is difficult to estimate.
Their faith, energy,\courage, self-sacrifice and devotion
attest the results which they have achieved in Deerfield
township.
\ /
•\
Judge V. V. Barnes, y former Deerfield man, attorney
and counsellor at law in Zion City, said:
“Few things are as\/interesting as the annals of
states and communities yand the time will come when
whatever may be writtenAor preserved will be considered
as all too meager. From such events and records the
historian weaves his mpst edifying and absorbing tale.
Already Lake County has uurnished many events of in­
tense and peculiar interest and men and women have
been permitted to lap^e into silence whose knowledge
and words should have /beenWeserved for those to come.
In fact, Lake County /has been and is still rich in the
possession of characters and 'events of untold value and
in so far as possible vfe should take heed to preserve so
rich a heritage. It strikes me it would be well to con­
sider this subject deliberately With a view to preserve
for others the things/so closely Xassociated with the lives
and welfare of the people."
\
Martin C. Decked, a former \Deerfield teacher who
wrote the history of/Fremont Township for Dr. Halsey’s
history, said: "The/history of a community is to a large
extent embodied in the lives of its great men. There are
a few history making changes that are due to natural
causes, most of them being if not entirely at least greatly
influenced by human agency."
\
Of the pioneer mother little is known except tradition,
but that she bore /and reared children under incredible
conditions and hardships, that she was a1,homemaker
and housekeeper /with no labor saving devices, and few
conveniences, anti/ that every step in garment making and
food production was her job, is well known. Large fami­
lies were common before the days of Margaret Sanger’s
doctrine, and tile ingenuity of the mother kept them
clothed and fed in spite of drouth, flood, army worm, and
hail that destroyed their crops. CornmeaI\mush was the
daily diet, Mijk was used for making cottage cheese,
but the cream as reserved for butter making, and this
product so rich in vitamins, (not known before this gen­
eration) was 4°Id to buy sugar. One neighbor was
selected to go to Chicago to make purchases for the
entire community. Ox teams were used sometimes, and
at others the packsaddle of a horse was utilized. It is
told that the first James Duffy walked to Chicago to buy
a bag of flour and carried it home on his back. Buck-

HISTORY OF DEERFIELD W
t!

wheat cakes with sorghum were a luxury, and ,quail
rairie chickens, and partridges were had so often thaf
they were not the luxury that they are to this generation
A cheese similar to Limburger was made by the /German*
by forming cottage cheese into little balls, placing them
in\a crock and allowing them to ripen. The7fluid tha!
formed around the balls was poured off frequently anti
thexcheese washed with fresh milk. Fisly; principally
suckers 1% feet long were in all of the streams. Water
for household purposes was dipped out of/the ponds on
the land with buckets. Flies and mosquitoes tormented
the people and spread disease, malaria/ ague, and tvphoid.\ Screens or netting on windows/were unknown'
Wells aug were six feet deep.
/
Cand\es made by the women from jnutton tallow and
cotton v^cking dipped, and also made/in molds, were the
lights used. Later a two wick lamp,/without a chimney
in which raccoon and lard, or campjiene oil was burned
made a two candle power light. These lamps were on
metal standards with glass bowls/ The third era was
the kerosene lamp of tin, painted /green, with a polished
tin movable, reflector, which hung on the door frames
Glass hanging lamps with glass Ajrisms or gaily painted
decorations were later parlor luxuries. "Student lamps”
of metal with a tall slender chimney on each side, with
two bowls of\oil and circular/wicks were a great iniprovement for\the sight. A Chicago directory of is CO
advertises lard\oil, lunar oil, kerosene binnacle oil, Mayville coal oil, alcohol, camplidne, and burning fluid.
Clothes were 'made for the men by the women of the
family after they had been but by the tailor, Lawrence
Ott. In this vicinity the cloth was not woven for the
men’s suits but was bought in Chicago, and sewed by
hand with a very\heavy black thread. The women did
the sewing after the children were in bed. The spinning
wheels which the German/and Alsatian settlers brought
from Germany and\Alsac,4
,
, were used to make the yarn
for stockings, mittehs, afid large scarfs which took the
place of overcoats. Mr. George Rockenbach has one that
his mother knitted. \
Alter the log hous^/era frame houses were erected.
These were very simple structures, built on the ground
without cellars under/\hem, but with board instead of
dirt floors. A few ha
getable cellars. The first frame
house at the west end of the township that was at all
pretentious was the/one\ built by Christian Schwingel,
now owned by Mr. Kellogg, of the Kellogg Switchboard
Company, known as the Grove Farm, and occupied by
E. L. Vinyard. It/had a p'antry, a cistern, and a pump
on the porch, which was the height of luxury. Good
houses began to be built in 1850, and many are still
in use.
/
\
Courtship in me early days\of our township was conducted under difficulties. In a\one room log cabin that
contained the beds of the parents and seven or more
children, the syove and other household furniture, there
was little privacy, so courting \days were short. The
young people/ usually took walks in the woods. The
amusements were few. Sliding oA the ice in winter, attending spelling, writing and singing schools, and among
the young men engaging in feats td show strength such
as lifting parrels of flour, and wrestling were among
their pastimes. Fist fights sometimes decorated their
drab, dull/lives, as when the boys of flhe east and of the
west prairies met in swimming in tha Desplaines River
seventy years ago, and forty years ago when the Everett
gang met the Deerfield one.
\
One pioneer said, “When I was young we folk held
our dadcing parties in any house that had three rooms,
and if/there was but one room we moved \he stove and
bed out of doors, brought our fiddler and had our dance.
When it was over we moved the stove and bWl back in
place and returned home in one sleigh loaded with plenty
of straw.”

DEERFIELD FAMILIES/3en eulogy is an interesting study, for when one conskiers how^r
4^pidly one’s ancestors jjvultiply (as well as
one’s descendent-s-i two parents, four grandparents, eight
great-grandparentsgand-^o onf until one finds that at the
time of the discovery o^cfire-r-ica, about fourteen generac, me
tions back,
the av^p
average American^nQw
now living has 16.384
ancestors in a^a-rtfgle
gle ancestral genera
aratToinA
A good geneology describes the 1historical rootsi of the. raijmy
ily tree, it
gives names, dates, places and family connecTlmi^, nccording to the Eugenical News of April, 1923.
\
The clescendents of William Ward ol) Sudbury, Hng-

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W~yc&amp;Ce\t - Hisfcr
the observance of the centennial under present than
grandfather, Christian Antes, an early Deerfield
under normal conditions. We must have knowledge xJf
merchant.
—
theslhrilling story of service, of high and lofty accom­
TELEPHONE
SERVICE
plishment of the pioneer citizens of Illinois. ThejychalThe first telephone call that went out of Deerfield as
lenge Nis to measure up to the responsibilities &gt;of our
made by Dr. T. L. Knaak from his drug store on Deerforefathers. The torch guiding all liberty loving people
fiMd Road to his son, Theodore J. Knaak, who w^s in
today is Abraham Lincoln. Of all the men /lie world
Weinberger's Drug Store on Chicago Avenue and
ells
has produced he is the exemplification of/democracy.
Street in 1898. This was the first public or privatzfe tele­
But the luster of his. life should not dim jfcnat of other
phone in the village.
great lives, sue! as George Rogers Clark; U. S. Grant,
Nathaniel Pope ind Shadrack Bond. An opportunity
Teh subscribers were necessary for the installation of
service.
/
will be given to rfcvive the spirit of llinois so that it
will be felt all over tlve state, working. ith war activities.
TheOiicago Telephone Company brought its lines into
Deerfield
rjr
. in January,
- - 1903. The first offic was in
“Not without tl\wondrous/Uory, Illinois,
Knaak s\ old drug store on Deerfield Road. I 1911 it
Can be writ the\nation\s glory.”
wa&amp; moved
. upstairs. Different members of that family
The Lake County Regmter/Correspondent reported:
assisted in the service. Among others who were em­
The entire intellectual porti&lt;Wof the community docked
ployed we^e Ralph Peterson, Anna Peterse/i, Ella and
to the school Thursday eveniivs to hear a big man talk
Ralph Horenberger, Cora Cooksey, Nina i/nigge, Ray­
on a big subject 'at the P./T. ANmeeting. Wallace Rice,
mond Goodman, Gertrude Gastfield, Marthaf Hagi, Peter
composer of several ballaas and \ number of pageants
Jerry F^ence Goodman, Amelia Petersen, Helen
for the Illinois centennial celebratioV as well as designer
Schmleber. \
of the centennial banfter, gave an interesting talk on
n\
the wonderful history of the State ol Illinois, which
In 1913 the'exchange
was moved to the Antes building
;
challenges that of/any of the other statekin the Union.
at the' corner df Deerfield and Waukegaii Roads, and a
Mr. Smith had 'the exchange.
/
A group of pupils of the upper grades, under the direc­
i
tion of Miss Leki Glynch, sang patriotic songs. The girls
Raymond Goodman served as a night/operator.
)
of the penny/lunch committee reported a proXt of over
In 1914, Mrs. Prances Garrity took cl/arge of the Deer­
J.*
$9, which sum will be used to buy a service\flag for
field exchange, and when one board
the school/ Mrs. Supple appointed the committed*.
necessary for the deeds of the village, Xvith one operator
Such stories as the following were written by\the
a service second to\ no other was maintained.
pupils a/d combined in a book that contains photographs
So faithful was slle in the discharge of her duties, and
of log/cabins and schools and is in the Deerfield school.
so remarkable was her memory of cZlls made, that if an
attempt had been made by a subsetrber to get a desired
DEERFIELD
party, and was unsuccessful, because of the absence of
Deerfield
was
so
named
after
the
numerous
deer
that
Mh: roamed in this locality, which was the highest place
the one called, that when the caller indicated her return
home by telephoning sdmeone, M/s. Garriety would say,
between the Des Plaines river and Lake Michigan.
Mrs-, 7~:— has been\ trying /to get you,” and thus
The early roads were located in about the same places
complete the call hours afterwa/ds.
as they are now, with the exception of one which for- .
The winter of 1917, when tl snow was so deep that
merly extended from Mr. Reay’s residence to Mr. Lidgernot a wheel turned on th roads for three days, and it
wood’s residence. These roads were very narrow and
was necessary to close the school because of the difficulty
crooked.
to get children from the outskirts of the district to
The bridges were built in an entirely different manner
school, the president of the School board called up each
than they are at present, the foundation being made
family that had a telephone,
three successive evenings,
by laying saplings over a pile of. brush. They were
to announce that no school' cbuld be held because two
commonly called “corduroy bridges” because of their
of the teachers had- been /Unable to return from Waustriking resemblance to that kind of material. The peo­
conda, and Mrs. Garrity Jon her own initiative, called
ple traveled by land, in what were called “prairie
each family that had children in'school, without waiting
schooners” or by water in large “flat boats.” The nouses
for numbers to be requested, a each call was com­
were crudely built, many of them being log cabins, but
pleted, thus each family Was notified without delay.
they served their purpose very well.
Many other such instances could be related of her
As early as IS36 almost all of the Indians had gone
quick wit and keen sympathy in times of disasters and
to reservations, although a few of them still remained.
accidents, when help Was needed, ih securing aid of
Some would travel in this vicinity often begging, and
different kinds. Mrs./Garrity is still\giving the same
others from northern Wisconsin would come to receive
amount of time to the service and has'had as her main
payments on the land they had sold to the white settlers.
assistants on the board her mother. Mrk Anna Curley
Many relics such as arrow heads and hatchets have been
Flood, and her daughter, Miss Marjorid\ Garrity. No
found by some of our local citizens.
eight-hour day was observed by Mrs. Garrity. Her duties
Our school district No. 109 was organized in 1860.
r
frequently kept her/at the board for twel\e hours.
■: i
The first school was situated opposite Mr. Bert Easton’s
In 1924 a second/board was put in-operation and a
farm: it was very crudely built of rough boards. The
regular assistant wars hired.
\
first town school was built on Anderson’s corner. Con­
In 1927 a fourth/switch board was installed, in order
veniences such as we have new were then unknown.
to take care of tl/e increasing population,
ere are
The furniture and other articles of these small schools
now 4 80 subscribers.
•V
was very poor. The building that stood on the corner
was moved in 1903 to its present site; this school burned
Federal Tax Off /Telephone Calls Removed Afte\ Middown and a new one was erected in 1913.
Night, JuW 2, 1924, and An Increased IIse\
In 1860 a runaway slave, called “Andrew Jackson.” \
/ of Wires Expected.
\
came through Deerfield, where he stayed with Mr. Lorenz \
“After midnight on Wednesday, July 2nd, and Coll
Ott. who lived where Mr. Orman Rockenbach now lives. &lt;
on long distance telephone messages are free from the
T.nler he lived with Mr. Lvman Wilmot until the Civil
federal tax, wh/ch has been in effect since April 1, 1919,k
War was over. He had many hardships to endure while
states Commercial Manager Judd this morning, in an
lie was with cruel masters, but later he was taught to
announcement issued July 1.
read and write, and in return' he showed the white
"This taxJot 5 cents on each message of from 15 to
'-people how to tie corn with a stalk of corn and many j
50 cents, ana 10 cents on each message of over 50 cents,
v-. . . other methods of farming. This is one incident of the J
added materially to the cost of telephoning, especially
vr- \ anti-slavery activities.
/
on toll messages over moderate distances,” said Manager
r- -'V QUr service flag contains forty-five stars representing
Judd, “and its removal will permit more liberal use of
V ■ • some of our best young men who are willing to fight
the service without adding to the cost.”
for our country. We are proud of the fact that DeerMr. Jiydd stated that the telephone company, anticipat­
;• .
field has given so many to this service. Not only are
ing an /increased use of the toll service, particularly
our young men willing to fight, but those who must stay
to nearby points, has provided additional equipment and
at home are doing their part. So Deerfield has grown
personnel to meet the demand.
r*:-- from a few buildings to a large village which is helpDirect/ Telephone Wire to Deerfield—Express Method
^ '• ing Uncle Sam in-the “World. Conflict;”
/ Installed and Is Great Convenience—How
LILLIAN
ANTES.
/*
'
To Call.
Writterr -for Deerfield school in 1918 at Illinois CenTo quicken the telephone service between Highland
. p/Ty: tennial celebration. Material was secured from Lillian’s
Park and Deerfield the telephone company recently inV

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                    <text>27 FEB 2002
Call Number
AUTHOR
TITLE
EDITION
PUBLISHER
DESCRIPT
BIBLIOG
SUBJECTS
ISBN
DVNIX #

Deerfield Public Library
Circulation
Adult Nonfiction
973.7115 TUR

03:58pm
UU Port 594

Status : Check Shelf

Turner, Glennette Tilley.
The underground railroad in Illinois / by Glennette Tilley
Turner ; introduction by Juliet E.K. Ualker.
1st ed.
Glen Ellyn, IL : Neuman Educational Publishing, 2001.
xix, 285 p.
ill., maps, ports. ; 23 cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-266) and index.
1) Underground railroad — Illinois.
2) Slavery — United States.
3) Fugitive slaves — Illinois — History.
0938990055 Cpbk.)
693797

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Underground Railroad in Illinois.
So much has been written on this topic in the meantime, the reader should also refer to Backs
in Print, Illinois Libraries, (Vol. 80, No. 4) and other library and on-lme resources such as.

~ Indians of
~ Population
- Flora and I

- http://www.cr.nps.gov/ugrr

~ Religion

~ http://www.ugrr.org/ugrr/learn/jp-bib.html

- Treaties

- www.nationalgeographic.com/features/99/railroad/randl.html, and

- Politics
- Northwest'
State Library’s web page.
- For more information on the multi-state UGRR operations, consult the National Park Service
Underground Railroad Special Resource Studi and the first web site listed above.
~ Visit http://sunsite.unc.edu/docsouth and http://vi.uh.edu/pages/mintz/primary.htrm
for slave narratives. See Born in Bondage by Marie Jenkins Schwartz (Harvard University

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~ Fur trade
~ Early modes

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Press) to learn about the lives of enslaved children.
~ Refer to these periodicals: National Geographic. July 1984; the Sunday Magazine of the
Chicago Tribune, Summer 2000; and the magazine of the National Parks and Conservation
Association, July/August 1998.

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~ Illinois Con;

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~ Inn, taverns.

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~ Early trails

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~ View the following videos:
. “The Underground Railroad: Connections to Freedom and Science” video produced
by Classroom for the Future in cooperation with NASA Headquarter
(http://core.nasa.gov);
. “The Underground Railroad in Illinois” and “Trail Through DuPage County”
(JMDoggett@aol.com); keyword “Underground Railroad ;
. “The Underground Railroad” produced by and available from The History Channel

~ Education
-Salt and lead

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~ Play games such as “Escape” (www.UGRR-Illinois.com).

- Occupations
- Historic cour

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Bibliography

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1850
Vidi. MR. FRANK,

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THE UNDERGROUND MAIL-AGENT Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo &amp; Co. 1853.

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1860
H. THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD: FROM SLAVERY TO FREEDOM.
Mitchell, William
London: W. Tweedie 1860. (Reprint 1970)

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In addition to his work for
John Jones,
the Undergrou nd Railroad and repeal
of the Black Codes, he was active in the
Negro convention movement for many
R after the Civil War. He worked
with inventors S.R. Scottron and Lems

Sand. Laura S. A WOMAN'S LIFE WORK: LABORS AND EXPERIENCES OF LAURA S. HAV1LAND. Salem, NH: 1881. (Reprint 1984)

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Collection, Chicago Public Library

: ROMANCE AND REALITY OF THE UNDERGROWI^^IERO^^^weulo^H:^H. U.Johnson. 1896. (Reprint in 1970)

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HANNAH COURAGEOUS. New York:
Long, Laura.
Longman, 1939.
.

wih.ir THE underground RAILROAD TN

SSS'SS

Antiquarian Society, 1936.
Swift, Httdegarde Hoyt
DOM: A STORY OF _T CM ^ fictionaUz(.d account of
Harcourt. Brace, &amp; ••
rnntainS reproductions of
the life of Harriet Tubman. Contains repr
the dialect of the period.

T. UP FROM SLAVERY. AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY

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Siebert, Wilbur Henry.
New York: MacMillan, 1898. (Rep
map of routes.

’

York- Random House. 1958. A story about
^to'Tsvhoi^the“Tof rTttnni“E°°-ion-on theUnderground Railroad. Based on the

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W adventures of the author's grandparents.

Severance, Frank Hayward. OLD TRAILS ON THE NIAGARA FRONTIER.

^ ^ story 0f Corrie. a

Cleveland, OH:

Burrows Brothers, 1903.

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northern army.

1910

1,

my story of the civil war and the underground railButler, Marvin Benjamin.
United Brethren Publishing Establishment. 1914. An account of
ROAD. Huntington. IN: The
service in the 44th regiment Indiana volunteers.

..

Cockrum, William Monroe.

The struggles of the new

Mississippi cotton country.

247

HISTORY OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD AS IT WAS CON-

246
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.

. Garden City, NY:

Washington, Booker
Doubleday, 1933.

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The Underground Railroad in Illinois

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a to Connecticut
Howard, Elizabeth. NORTH WINDS BLOW FREE. New York: W. Morrow. 1949.

Philo Carpenter operated Under­
ground Railroad stations in his home
and in the First Baptist Congregational
Church. His home in Chicago was the
UGRR station where Israel Blodgett of
Downers Grove and John Coe of
Hinsdale took passengers. Carpenter's
brother was married to the sister of
Julius Warren, founder of Warrenville.

Meadowcroft, Enid La Monte. BY SECRET RAILWAY. New York: T. Y. Crowell Co 1948 n™ oslave boy Bed 1860 to the home of David Morgan in Chicago He is betrayed by a boarder who ^H
the'u^e^d'RloaDdaVid’ ^
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way of

McMeekin. Isabella. JOURNEY CAKE. New YorkMessner. 1942. In 1794 Juba, a free woman of color
takes six motherless white children into Kentucky where
their father has gone to settle.

Sterling, Dorothy. CAPTAIN OF THE PLANTER: THE
STORY OF ROBERT SMALLS. Garden City, NY:
Doubleday, 1958. Biography of Robert Smalls, who was bom a slave, and during the Civil War
piloted a captured Confederate boat past the guns of Fort Sumter and delivered it to the Union
forces. Later he became a leader of his people and was sent to Congress. He suffered humiliation
during Reconstruction because he refused to compromise his principles.

S

Nolen. Eleanor Weakley. A JOB FOR JEREMIAH.
London: New York: Oxford University Press, 1940. A lit­
tle slave boy tries many jobs while selecting his future
trade.

FREEDOM TRAIN: THE STORY OF HARRIET TUBMAN. New York: Scholastic Book Services,
1954. A biography of Harriet Tubman as a conductor on the Underground Railroad.
Wriston, Hildreth Tyler. SUSAN’S SECRET. New York: Farrar, Straus &amp; Giroux. 1957.

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Yates, Elizabeth. AMOS FORTUNE, FREE MAN. New York Puffin Books, 1950. (Reprints 1963,
1989) A biography of Amos Fortune, an eighteenth-century African prince. After being captured
by slave traders, he was brought to Massachusetts where he remained a slave until he was able to
buy his freedom at sixty years old.

L.C. Paine Freerer was a prominent
lawyer who settled in Chicago in 1836
and died in Wheaton in 1878. He made
Underground Railroad passengers and
touring black antislavery speakers wel­
come in his home. He encountered per­
sonal danger when he served armed
court officials with legal warrants. On
one occasion he and a party on horse­
back chased a party of slave catchers
nearly across the state of Illinois in an
attempt to free an enslaved man, but
without success.

1940

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Allen, Merritt Parmelee. BATTLE LANTERNS. New York: Longmans, 1949. About a series of
adventures which befall a young man during the Revolutionary War. (Reprint 1967)
Buckmaster, Henrietta. LET MY PEOPLE GO: THE STORY OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
AND THE GROWTH OF THE ABOLITION MOVEMENT. New York: Harper. 1941.

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Riley, Louise. TRAIN FOR TIGER LILY. New York: Viking,
1954. Tiger Lily is a magical place where a chain of fantastic
events is set off by the arrival of a train on which there are
four children two animals, and a magician train porter.

Steinman, Beatrice. THIS RAILROAD DISAPPEARS. New
York: F. Watts, 1958. Thirteen -year-old Seth convinces
his parents and neighborhood abolitionists that he can be
trusted as a conductor on the Underground Railroad.

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Petry. Ann Lane. HARRIET TUBMAN: CONDUCTOR ON
THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York: Crowell.
1955. Biography emphasizing the character and personality
of Harriet Tubman, whose unshakable faith led her to guide
hundreds of slaves to freedom by the Underground Railroad.

Siebert, Wilbur Henry. THE MYSTERIES OF OHIO’S
UNDERGROUND RAILROADS. Columbus: Long's
College Book Co. 1951.

I

The Underground Railroad in Illinois

Curtis, Anna Louis. STORIES OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York: The Island
Workshop Press Co-op, 1941.

1950
Bontemps. Arna. FREDERICK DOUGLASS: SLAVE
FIGHTERS, FREEMAN. New York: Knopf, 1959. A
biography of the runaway slave who devoted his life to
the abolition of slavery and the fight for Black rights.
Breyfogle, William x. MAKE FREE: THE STORY OF
THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. Philadelphia:
Lippincott, 1958.
Buckmaster, Henrietta. FLIGHT TO FREEDOM: THE
STORY OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New
York: Crowell, 1958. A history of the founding and opera­
tion of the Underground Railroad with background mate­
rial on slavery, the growth of the abolition movement in
spite of opposition in the North. The leaders of both
races and the role of the African American after the Civil
War includes many accounts of the experiences of escap-

248

249

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Fnstein S HARRIET TUBMAN: GUIDE TO FREEDOM. Champaign. IL: Garrard Publishing Co.,
1968. Born a slave but determined to be free, Harriet Tubman ran away from slavery and returned
ma ny times to free her enslaved people.

Fisher, Aileen Lucia. A LANTERN IN THE WINDOW.
New York: T. Nelson. 1957. Twelve-year-old Peter goes to
live with his Quaker uncle whose farm on the bank of the
Ohio River gives him a view of the steamboats he loves
and a role in the Underground Railroad.

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CANALBOAT TO FREEDOM. New York: Dial Press, 1966. This book describes a
Falls, Thomas.
friendship between two boys one a white teenage otphan bound out on a canalboat and the other a
Bhck deckhand. The deckhand protects the otphan front the cruelty of the captatn. and the boy tn
turn joins the deckhand in his Underground Railroad activities.

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Hagler, Margaret. LARRY AND THE FREEDOM MAN.
New York: Lothrop. 1959. A twelve-year-old white boy and
his uncle, The Freedom Man. help Daniel a slave boy and
his family obtain their freedom when they meet on a jour­
ney to Kansas.

I960
Bacmeister. Rhoda. W. VOICES EN THE NIGHT.
Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs, 1965. New England and an
Underground Railroad station are the background for this
story. When Jeanie’s widowed mother is forced to break
up her family because she cannot take care of them, Jeanie
is sent to live with the Aldens, who secretly operate a station.
Bradford. Sarah. HARRIET TUBMAN: THE MOSES OF
HER PEOPLE. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel. 1961. A story of
Harriet Tubman, the illiterate escaped slave who made
nineteen journeys deep into the South to escort over 300
slaves to freedom. The book deals mostly with the excit­
ing details of her pilgrimages, but also stresses her fervent
religious motivation.

*

The Underground Railroad in Illinois
Douglass, Frederick. LIFE AND TIMES OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS. Ed by Barbara Rirchie. New
York- Crowell, 1966. An adaptation of the last revision (1892) by the author of a book first pub-' '■" &gt;
lished in 1842. It is a story of Douglass’ escape from slavery and his rise to prominence.
'

ing slaves.
Douglass, Marjory Stoneman. FREEDOM RIVER. Old
Tappan, NJ: Scribner, 1953. A tale of three boys - one
white one black and one a Seminole Indian - who find
their separate freedoms.

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Joseph Henry Hudlun, Sr. was a
member of the Chicago Board of
Trade for forty years. During the
Great Chicago Fire he rescued
many valuable docments. His oil
portrait hangs in the Board's Hall
of Celebrities. The home he and
Anna Hudlun built near Dearborn
Station was one of the first built in
Chicago by black owners. They
operated
an
Underground
Railroad station there. Courtesy of
the Vivian G. Harsh Collection,

Wrighf a Quaker, and carried messages back and forth, wrapped in foil in a decayed tooth.

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been strengthened.
THE LIBERTY LINE: THE LEGEND OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD.
Lexington: University of Kentucky Ptess, 1961. The author questions and attempts to determine
the extent to which the Underground Railroad accounts are factual.

Gara, Larry

Chicago Public Library

Browin, Frances WUliams. LOOKING FOR ORLANDO. New York: Criterion Books, 1961.
Carrighar, Sally. THE GLASS DOVE. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1962.
Clark, Margaret Gogg. FREEDOM CROSSING. New York: Funk &amp; WagnaUs, 1969. After spend­
ing four years with relatives in the South, a fifteen-year-old girl accepts the idea that slaves are
property and is horrified to learn when she returns North that her home is a station on
Underground Railroad.
Danforth. Mildred E. A QUAKER PIONEER: LAURA HAV1LAND, SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York: Exposition Press, 1961.

Children, 1967.

asssssasrsfflarssw
to the North.

Reconstruction of the 1870’s and the desegregation of the 1950 s to the rio s

251
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ing slaves.
Douglass, Marjory Stoneman. FREEDOM RIVER. Old
Tappan, NJ: Scribner, 1953. A tale of three boys - one
white one black and one a Seminole Indian - who find
their separate freedoms.

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Fisher, Aileen Lucia. A LANTERN IN THE WINDOW.
New York: T. Nelson, 1957. Twelve-year-old Peter goes to
live with his Quaker uncle whose farm on the bank of the
Ohio River gives him a view of the steamboats he loves
and a role in the Underground Railroad.

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Hagler, Margaret. LARRY AND THE FREEDOM MAN.
New York: Lothrop, 1959. A twelve-year-old white boy and
his uncle, The Freedom Man, help Daniel a slave boy and
his family obtain their freedom when they meet on a jour­
ney to Kansas.

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Bacmeister, Rhoda. W. VOICES EN THE NIGHT.
Indianapolis. IN: Bobbs, 1965. New England and an
Underground Railroad station are the background for this
story. When Jeanie’s widowed mother is forced to break
up her family because she cannot take care of them, Jeanie
is sent to live with the Aldens, who secretly operate a sta­
tion.

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Bradford, Sarah. HARRIET TUBMAN: THE MOSES OF
HER PEOPLE. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel, 1961. A story of
Harriet Tubman, the illiterate escaped slave who made
nineteen journeys deep into the South to escort over 300
slaves to freedom. The book deals mostly with the excit­
ing details of her pilgrimages, but also stresses her fervent
religious motivation.

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shed in 1842. It .s a story of Douglass escape from slavery and his rise to prominence.
Epstein, S. HARRIET TUBMAN: GUIDE TO FREEDOM. Champaign IL- Garrard

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Falls, Thomas. CANALBOAT TO FREEDOM. New York: Dial Press, 1966. This book describes a
friendship between two boys one a
Black deckhand.

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Joseph Henry Hudlun, Sr. was a
member of the Chicago Board of
Trade for forty years. During the
Great Chicago Fire he rescued
many valuable docments. His oil
portrait hangs in the Board's Hall
of Celebrities. The home he and
Anna Hudlun built near Dearborn
Station was one of the first built in
Chicago by black owners. They
operated
an
Underground
Railroad station there. Courtesy of
the Vivian G. Harsh Collection,
Chicago Public Library

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a EYES AND ears OF THE CIVIL WAR. New York: Criterion Books 1963
TS,ha r
S’,a T"™ Bsl*ned and rePorted t0 northern generals or copied maps
H hS' “ SU4Ch,aS McCleIlan refijsed t0 brieve in their intelligence; but
P
d‘S.C0Vrered l.he freed slave* J°hn ScobeH. who became ostensibly an entertainer but actu-

Gara. Larry THE LIBERTY LINE: THE LEGEND OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD

Browin. Frances Williams. LOOKING FOR ORLANDO. New York: Criterion Books, 1961.

•:

Carrighar, Sally. THE GLASS DOVE. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. 1962.
Claris, Margaret Gogg. FREEDOM CROSSING. New York: Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1969. After spend­
ing four years with relatives in the South, a fifteen-year-old girl accepts the idea that slaves are
property and is horrified to learn when she returns North that her home is a station on
Underground Railroad.

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ftomAriT ^EAL^WAY H0ME- Indianapolis: Bobbs-MerriU. 1969. Two slave boys run away
to the North H CW&gt;]m* plantatl0n in an attemPt to reach their freed father five hundred miles
Udenburg, Thomas J. and William S. McFeely. THE BLACK MAN IN THE LAND OF EQUALITY.
ew or . ayden Book Co., 1969. Traces the history of the black man in America through the
Reconstruction of the 1870’s and the desegregation of the 1950’s to the riots of the 1960’s.

Danforth, Mildred E. A QUAKER PIONEER: LAURA HAVILAND. SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York: Exposition Press, 1961.

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Lawrence, Jacob. HARRIET AND THE PROMISED LAND. New York: Simon &amp; Schuster, 1968.
(Reprint 1993) A brief biography in verse about Harriet Tubman and her dedicated efforts to lead
her fellow slaves to freedom.

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black Quaker member of the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery
Society, secretary of the Philadelphia Vigilance
Committees active abolitionist, and son of two sla ves.
worked as an agent on the Underground Railroad. He
interviewed “passengers" in order to gain information
that would enable family members to locate loved ones
in Canada. This book is a compilation of those inter­
views he recorded in narrative form, as weU as letters
and newspaper clippings about slavery and the run­
aways.

Lester. Julius, ed. TO BE A SLAVE. New York: Dial Press. 1968. A compilation selected from vari­
ous sources and arranged chronologically of the reminiscences of slaves and ex-slaves about the
experiences from the leaving of Africa through the Civil War and into the early twentieth century.
Loguen, Jermain Wesley. THE REV. J. W. LOGUEN. AS A SLAVE AND AS A FREEMAN; A NAR­
RATIVE OF REAL LIFE. New York: Negro Universities Press, 1968. (Reprint 1859)
McGovern, Ann. RUNAWAY SLAVE: THE STORY OF HARRIET TUBMAN. New York: Four
Winds Press (Scholastic), 1965. A simply told biography of Harriet Tubman which gives a vivid
account of her role as a conductor on the Underground Railroad.
WANTED—DEAD OR ALIVE: THE TRUE STORY OF HARRIET TUBMAN. New York: Four
Winds Press, 1965. A biography of the slave who escaped to freedom, then returned and led three
hundred other slaves to the North by way of the Underground Railroad.
McPherson. James M. THE NEGRO’S CIVIL WAR: HOW NEGROES FELT AND ACTED DURING
THE WAR FOR THE UNION. New York: Pantheon, 1965. The author presents documentary evi­
dence from Black and abolitionist newspapers, pamphlets, letters, speeches and official records to
show that Blacks actively participated and many became leaders in the emancipation of the slaves
from 1860 to 1865.
Patterson, Lillie. FREDERICK DOUGLASS. Champaign. IL: Garrard Publishing Co., 1965. The
reader follows Frederick through his increasing hatred of slavery and his escape. His home in New
York became one of the Underground Railroad stations for fleeing slaves.
Sterling. Dorothy. FOREVER FREE: THE STORY OF THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION.
Garden City, NY: Doubleday. 1963. Describes the events leading up to the signing of the
Emancipation Proclamation that freed over four million slaves in the United States.

'

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Anna Elizabeth Lewis Hudlun was
known as the “Fire Angel" because of
the hospitality she extended to fire vic­
tims during the Chicago fires. In 1871
she and Joseph Hudlun opened their
five room home to five families—some
black and some white. Their home was
a mecca of social and civic activity. It
was an Underground Railroad station
before and during the Civil War.
Courtesy of the Vivian G. Harsh
Collection, Chicago Public Library

Williams, James. LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF JAMES
WILLIAMS. A FUGITIVE SLAVE. WITH A FULL
DESCRIPTION OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD.
Saratoga, CA: R. &amp; E Research Associates, 1969.
Williamson. Joanne. AND FOREVER FREE New York:
Knopf, 1966. The social and political scene in New York
City during the years leading up to the Emancipation
Proclamation is shown through the story of an eighteenyear-old German immigrant who befriends a runaway slave.

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and gave courage and inspiration to two co-workers.

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Tom, who helped many slaves escape to freedom and founded a settlement for Blacks in Canada.

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Still. William. THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York: Amo Press, 1968. William Still.

Strother, Horatio T. THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD
IN CONNECTICUT. Middletown. CT: Wesleyan
University Press, 1962.

1970
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Sterling, Philip and Logan Rayford. FOUR TOOK FREEDOM: THE LIVES OF HARRIET TUBMAN. FREDERICK DOUGLASS. ROBERT SMALLS. AND BLANCHE K. BRUCE. Garden City. NY:
Doubleday, 1967. Biographical portraits of four famous African Americans who escaped the slav­
ery into which they had been born to further the fight for freedom and equality.
Sterne, Emma Gelders. THE LONG BLACK SCHOONER: THE VOYAGE OF THE AMISTAD.
Chicago: Follett Pub Co.. 1968. A fictional account of the 1839 revolt of Africans aboard the slave
ship Amistad and the subsequent Amistad Case argued by John Quincy Adams before the United
States Supreme Court.

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Captives Cave which is linked to his ancestors.
Forman, James. SONG OF JUBILEE. New York: Farrar, Straus &amp; Giroux, 1971. This expose of slavery
reveals the ambivalent feelings among slaves in one household, particularly after freedom is granted.

grew up

win her fteedon, and fish, for her rights«*•
rson.
MLROATNewYoTETDu'uon 197^L^^STffLATTHEUNDERGROUND
escaped slave. help his peonkZolJ,hist*w, h
.WaB“ StiU *&gt;" **"
Underground Railroad.
8
lh PhlladelPh,a s Anti-slavery Society and the

Fox. Paula. THE SLAVE DANCER New York: Dell. 1973. A stark view of slavery as seen through
the eyes of a young white boy who is shanghaied on a slaver and forced to make music for its
human cargo.
Freedman, Florence B. TWO TICKETS TO FREEDOM: THE TRUE STORY OF ELLEN AND
WILLIAM CRAFT, FUGITIVE SLAVES. New York: Simon and Schuster. 1971. Contemporary
sources such as newspaper articles, journals, and the published story of William Craft help reconstruct this interesting account.

Lester, Julius.
1972. Shr s.one^l'SS^avel0^ FR°M BUCK H“ New York: Dial Press.

Grant, Matthew G. HARRIET TUBMAN, BLACK LIBERATOR. Mankato. MN: Creative
Education. 1974 A biography of the famous conductor on the Underground Railroad who worked
to free her people before, during, and after the Civil War.

1975.

i

Gray. Genevieve. THE YELLOW BONE RING. New York: Lothrop, 1971. The pride and responsi­
bility of freedom are explored in this dramatic story of a young ex-slave in the First South Carolina
Volunteers, the first Black Union Army regiment.

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Jacob, Helen Pierce. THE DIARY OF STRAWBRIDGE PLACE. New York: Atheneum, 1978. A
family of Quakers operating a station on the Underground Railroad spirits slaves from Ashtabula
Ohio across Lake Erie to freedom.

'

Harrison. Lowell Hayes. THE ANTISLAVERY MOVEMENT IN KENTUCKY. Lexington. KY:
University Press of Kentucky, 1978.

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May, Charles Paul. STRANGER rN THE STORM New Yorkf bliTa:h
rUnaW3y S,3Ve heIPs hvo li«le girls survive in
blizzard, and they in turn help him hide from his pursuers

GARRETT. Moylan, PA: Whimsie Press, 1977,

’

Henderson, Nancy. WALK TOGETHER: FIVE PLAYS ON HUMAN RIGHTS. New York: Messner.
1972. One of the plays is the story of slaves risking their lives for freedom in the Underground Railroad.

Johnson. Ann Donegan. THE VALUE OF HELPING: THE STORY OF HARRIET TUBMAN. La
Jolla, CA: Value Communications, 1979. Describes the helpful work of Harriet Tubman in aiding
slaves to flee the South in assisting the Union army during the Civil War and in establishing homes
for the old and needy after the war.

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Greenfield, Eloise. HONEY, I LOVE. New York: Thomas T. Crowell Co. 1978. A picture book col­
lection of poems about various subjects including a poem about Harriet Tubman and her escape
from slavery.
Heidish, Marcy. A WOMAN CALLED MOSES. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. 1976.
Harriet Tubman looks back over her life and tells her own story. The reader sees her as a sevenyear-old enslaved African her heartaches and griefs on through her escape by way of the
Underground Railroad.

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man. He did manual labor at
Grand River Institute, in Ohio,
in exchange for the opportunity
to study Greek and Latin. He
settled in Chicago in 1837. He
taught hvo years then went to
work in a law office so that he
could study law. He was a prac­
ticing lawyer until he was elect­
ed Justice of the Peace. He was
one of the founders of the antislavery society in 1859 and
helped establish the Western
Citizen which was edited by
Zebina Eastman.

52^ and throuSh a Redman, learns the healing power of
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Traces the history of Blacks in America from their arrival as
c^lHghts SeVentCenth Century t° the present-day struggle for
Meltzer. Milton.

Bradb., 19?. ISSSSSho
worked actively in the Underground Railroad.
Barbara Claassen. RUNAWAY TO FREEDOM- A
STORY OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILWAY. New York:
Harper &amp; Row, 1978. Two young slave girls escape from a plan-

255

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THE HOUSE OF DIES DREAR. New York: Collier Books, 1984. A black family moves into an
enormous house once used as a hiding place for runaway slaves Mysterious sounds and events as
well as the discovery of secret passageways make the family believe they are in grave danger.
S^RY^
THE MYSTERY OF DREAR HOUSE: THE CONCLUSION OF THE DIES DREAR CHRONICLE
New York: Greenwillow Books, 1987. A black family living in the house of long-dead abolitionist
Dies Drear must decide what to do with his stupendous treasure hidden for one hundred years in a
cavern near their home.

WITH CON-

Facts on File Publications. 1988. Describes the liLf theVhnl^
American slaves resulted in the raid on Harpers Ferry.

/ u MAPS' New York:
Wh°Se StrUg8,e t0 free

KENTUm^
Hurmence, Belinda. A GIRL CALLED BOY. New York: Clarion, 1982. Mysteriously transported in
tune to the 1850 s, a young girl learns to respect the courage of her slave forebears.
Johnson, Georgia. A TOWPATH TO FREEDOM. East Lansing: G. A Johnson Publishing, 1989.

om

Klingel, Cynthia Fitterer. HARRIET TUBMAN. Mankato, MN: Creative Education, 1987. A biog­
raphy of the runaway slave who risked her life to help other slaves escape to freed om.

WBXfe

Lame. Reginald. MAKIN’ FREE: AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.
Detroit: B. Ethridge Books, 1981. A book which traces the early arrival and exploits of a number
of lesser known African Americans who explored the Northwest regions of the United States and
Upper Canada.

mm
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Lester, Julius. THIS STRANGE NEW FEELING. New York: Scholastic, Inc. 1985. The impact of
slavery on the human spirit is presented in three love stories based on true events.

;1

McKissack. Patricia and Frederick McKissack. FREDERICK DOUGLASS: THE BLACK LION.
Chicago: Children’s Press, 1987. Frederick Douglass becomes a spokesperson in the antislavery
movement.
7
Meyer. Linda D. HARRIET TUBMAN: THEY CALLED ME MOSES. Seattle: Parenting Press, 1988.
Biography of the Black woman who lived as a slave, free woman, conductor of the Underground
Railroad and benefactor to the needy.

Rev. Richard DeBaptiste is associ­
ated with Olivet Baptist Church in
Chicago. He and many members
of his church worked with members of Quinn Chapel A.M.E.
Church in antislavery activities.
He also took the personal risk of
loaning his freedom papers to
Underground Railroad passen­
gers. After his years as pastor of

Miller, Douglas T. FREDERICK DOUGLASS AND THE FIGHT FOR FREEDOM. New York: Facts
on File, 1988. Traces the life of the black abolitionist, from his early years in slavery to his later
success as a persuasive editor orator and writer.
Phelan, Helen C. AND WHY NOT EVERY MAN? AN ACCOUNT OF SLAVERY, THE UNDER­
GROUND RAILROAD, AND THE ROAD TO FREEDOM IN NEW YORK'S SOUTHERN TIER.
Interlake. NY: Heart of the Lakes Pub, 1987.
Polcovar, Jane. HARRIET TUBMAN. Danbury. CT: Childrens Press Choice, 1988.
■

Sabin. Francene. HARRIET TUBMAN. Mahwah.NJ: Troll Associates, 1985. A biography of the

Stein,
RAILROAD^' THErSJORYOF THE UNDERGROUND
RAILROAD. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1981. Discusses the
network of groups and individuals throughout Ohio and the
New England states who aided slaves escaping from their
captivity during the nineteenth century.
Turner Ann Warren. NETTIE'S TRIP SOUTH. New YorkJheu^Iv rr87' f
year'°'dn°rthern8irlcounters
the ugly realities of slavery when she visits Richmond,
Virginia, and sees a slave auction.

Books) Presents biographical sketches of fourteen notable
ParkTan^Sat^erp^'11^1^ ^art*n Luther King, Jr., Rosa
IS?*™. Satchel PaiSe* accompanied by brief skits in
hich readers can act out imagined scenes from their lives.
Walker, Juliet. E K FREE FRANK: A BLACK PIONEER ON

Lexington:

leadership P to Second'BaptTsf

TOEWRONruTv^6' DANIEL WEBSTER JACKSON AND

Church in Elgin. Courtesy of the
Vivian G. Harsh Collection.
Chicago Public Library

WRONGWAY RAILWAY. San Diego: Oak Tree
Publicatmns.1982- A teenage boy decides to leave his foster
"orn^ m Missouri rather than become involved in Judge
Hatcher s scheme to break up the Underground Railroad

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over 300 slave

David and Sarah West and their five children loaded their household
goods into a wagon and left Erie County, New York, in the faU of1843.
After 23 days of travel, resting on Sundays, they arrived in Sycamore.
Their house became the stopping place for visiting Congregational
ministers and it was an Underground Railroad station. In 1840 David
West voted (only Caucasian men had the franchise) for the Liberty
Party’s presidential candidate, James G. Bimey.

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s escape through the Underground Railroad.

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that is operating in the territory.

!

Wells, Marian. THE SILVER HIGHWAY. Minneapolis: Bethany House Publishers, 1989.

1990
Adler, David A. A PICTURE BOOK OF HARRIET TUBMAN. New York: Holiday House, 1994.
Biography of the Black woman who escaped from slavery to become famous as a conductor on the
Underground Railroad.

!

Adler, David A. A PICTURE BOOK OF SOJOURNER TRUTH. New York: Holiday House. 1994.
An introduction to the life of the woman born into slavery who became a well-known abolitionist
and crusader for the rights of African Americans.

H^rBx9TocMNEGurD E TO THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York:
Braithwaite, Di ana.

Martha and Elvira.-

A ONE ACT PLAY. Toronto: SisterVisio
n. 1993.
Brandt, Nat. THE TOWN
that started the civil WAR.
Press, 1990.
Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University

Allen. Danice. ARMS OF A STRANGER. New York: Avon Books, 1995.

|

Armstrong. Jennifer. STEAL AWAY. New York: Orchard Books, 1992. In 1855 two thirteen yearold girls one white and one black, run away from a southern farm and make the difficult journey
north to freedom, living to recount their story forty-one years later to two young girls.

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Beatty, Patricia. JAYHAWKER. New York: Beech Tree, 1995. In the early years of the Civil War.
teenage Kansas farm boy Lije Tulley becomes a Jayhawker, an abolitionist raider freeing slaves
from the neighboring state of Missouri, and then goes undercover there as a spy.

AScX"™L™Ti, ** &lt;**»*■*,, 1992 A „• „
™E ™°ERGROUND RA,LROAD. Hudson. OH: The

Unknown Author. WHO COMES WITH CANNONS? New York: Morrow Junior Books. 1992. In
1861 twelve-year-old Truth, a Quaker girl from Indiana, is staying with relatives who run a North
CvU W St3tl0n °f thC Under8round Railroad when her world is changed by the beginning of the
Narrative of
Becvar. Patsy. A PLACE CALLED MOTHER HUBBARD CUPBOARD. Chicago: Nystrom, 1991.
This book is used to introduce the concepts of slavery and the Underground Railroad.
Benjamin, Anne. YOUNG HARRIET TUBMAN: FREEDOM FIGHTER. Mahwah.NJ: Troll
Associates, 1992. A simple biography of the Black woman who was never caught as she helped

260

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Cosner, Shaaron. THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York: Franklin Watts. 1991. Describes
the Underground Railroad which helped slaves escape to freedom.
Craft. William. RUNNING A THOUSAND MILES FOR FREEDOM, OR THE ESCAPE OF
WILLIAM AND ELLEN CRAFT FROM SLAVERY. Salem. NH: Ayer Co.. 1991.

■

Hoobler, Dorothy. NEXT STOP. FREEDOM: THE STORY OF A SLAVE GIRL. Englewood Cliffs
help'ofHarriefTu bman'199L Emily’" ^ ^ Wh°,0ngS t0 read' eSCaPes from slaverX
the

Crews. Donald. BIGMAMA’S. New York : GreenwiUow Books, 1991. Visiting Bigmama’s house in
the country, young Donald Crews finds his relatives full of news and the old place and its sur­
roundings just the same as the year before.

Hopkinson. Deborah. SWEET CLARA AND THE FREEDOM QUILT. New York: Knopf. 1993 A
young slave stitches a quilt with a map pattern which guides her to freedom in the North.

Douglas. Marjory Stoneman. FREEDOM RIVER. Miami: Valiant Press, 1994. In the 1840s, as
Florida prepares to become a state, an Indian boy, black slave, and white settler become friends
and explore their differences and common bonds.

Johnson. La Verne C. KUMI AND CHANTI TELL THE STORY OF HARRIET TUBMAN. Chicago:
Empak Enterprises. 1992. Two African children following their mission of exploring AfricanAmerican history record the story of Harriet Tubman, who escaped from slavery and led over 300
of her people to freedom along the Underground Railroad.

Douglass. Frederick. ESCAPE FROM SLAVERY: THE BOYHOOD OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS IN
HIS OWN WORDS. Ed and illus. by Michael McCurdy New York: Knopf, 1994. A revised and
shortened edition of THE NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS. AN AMERI­
CAN SLAVE. This version of Douglass’ autobiography presents the early life of the slave who
became an abolitionist, journalist, and statesman.

Kinard, Lee. HARRIET TUBMAN’S FAMOUS CHRISTMAS EVE RAID. Nashville: James C
Winston Publishers, 1995.
Lawrence. Jacob. THE GREAT MIGRATION: AN AMERICAN STORY. New York: HarperCollins.
1993. A series of paintings chronicles the journey of African Americans who, like the artist's fami­
ly. left the rural South in the early twentieth century to find a better life in the industrial North.

Elisha, Dan. HARRIET TUBMAN AND THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. Brookfield, CT:
Millbrook Press, 1993. A biography of the African American woman who escaped from slavery,
led slaves to freedom on the Underground Railroad, aided Northern troops during the Civil War.
and worked for women’s suffrage.

Levine. Ellen. IF YOU TRAVELED ON THE UNDER­
GROUND RAILROAD. New York: Scholastic, 1993.
Describes the Underground Railroad which helped
slaves escape to freedom.

Forrester, Sandra. SOUND THE JUBILEE. New York: Lodestar Books, 1995. A slave and her fami­
ly find refuge on Roanoke Island, North Carolina during the Civil War.
Gaines. Edith M. FREEDOM LIGHT. Cleveland: New Day Press, 1991. The story of the antislav­
ery heroes of Ripley. Ohio, based on eyewitness accounts of two of their leaders John Rankin and
John Parker.

1

Marcey, Sally. THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD.
Wheaton, IL: T^ndale House Publishers. 1991. A plotyour-own story about the Underground Railroad Follow
the Ringers as they find a hidden tunnel under the old
church in town and discover it may have been used to
hide slaves The reader’s choices will determine which of
fifteen endings will happen.

Guccione. Leslie D. COME MORNING. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda Books, 1995. Twelve-year-old
Freedom the son of a freed slave living in Delaware in the early 1850s, takes his father’s work in the
Underground Railroad when his father disappears.
Hamilton, Virginia. MANY THOUSAND GONE: AFRICAN AMERICANS FROM SLAVERY TO
FREEDOM. New York: Knopf, 1993 Recounts the journey of Black slaves to freedom via the
Underground Railroad, an extended group of people who helped fugitive slaves in many ways.
----- THE PEOPLE COULD FLY: AMERICAN BLACK FOLKTALES. New York: Knopf, 1993.
Retold Afro-American folktales of animals, fantasy, the supernatural and desire for freedom born
of the sorrow of the slaves, but passed on in hope.
Haskins, James. GET ON BOARD: THE STORY OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York:

1

Scholastic 1993. Discusses the Underground RaUroad. the secret, loosely organized network of
people and places that helped many slaves escape north to freedom.

The portrait ofthe John Wagner family of
Aurora was painted by artist Sheldon
Peck. It was unusual in that Peck usually
painted portraits ofindividuals. His mak­
ing an exception to this practice may have
had something to do with the fact that the
Wagners operated an Underground
Railroad station in Aurora and Peck oper­
ated one in Lombard. Courtesy of the
Aurora Historical Society

McCay, Willie. YOUNG INDIANA JONES AND THE
PLANTATION TREASURE. NY: Random House, 1990.
McClard, Megan. HARRIET TUBMAN: SLAVERY AND
THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Silver Burdett Press, 1990. A biography of the
courageous woman who rose from slave beginnings to
become a heroic figure in the Underground Railroad.
McKissack, Patricia C. CHRISTMAS IN THE BIG

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Get on board for more adventure

The Underground Railroad

HOUSE, CHRISTMAS IN THE QUARTERS. New York: Scholastic, 1994. Describes the customs,
recipes, poems, and songs used to celebrate Christmas in the big plantation houses and in the slave
quarters just before the Civil War.
SOJOURNER TRUTH: AIN’TIA WOMAN? New York: Scholastic, 1992. A biography of the for­
mer slave who became well-known as a abolitionist and advocate of women’s rights.

in Illinois

Cassie retraces the steps escaping slaves took on
the Underground Railroad in order lo reunite
with her younger brother.

beginning a new free life when he
small island off the coast of Haiti.

McMullan, Kate. THE STORY OF HARRIET TUBMAN: CONDUCTOR OF THE UNDERGROUND
RAILROAD. New York: Dell, 1991.

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fourteen-year-old Moses thinks he is
P of other former slaves headed for a

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Monfredo, Miriam Grace. NORTH STAR CONSPIRACY. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1993.
Monjo, F. N. THE DRINKING GOURD: A STORY OF TIDE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New
York: HarperCollins, 1993. When he is sent home alone for misbehaving in church, Tommy dis­
covers that his house is a station on the Underground Railroad.

him into slavery, after which he always escaped.

family in Kansas in thTute^SOs o^erltK fstafton^n theTd

paraUeI s,ori«. a Q“aker

Pfeifer, Kathryn Browne. HENRY 0. FLIPPER. New York: Twenty-First Century Books, 1993.
Examines the life of the first African American graduate of West Point, including his dishonorable
discharge from the Army which was reversed nearly 100 years later.
S.adeihofen,Marcie Miller. ERIE FREEDOM SIDE. Syracuse, NY: New Readers Press. 1990,

Phillips, Raelene. FREEDOM’S TREMENDOUS COST. Elkhart, IN: Bethel Pub Co. 1993. The
Stivers family tradition continues Hannah and her children struggle for freedom, this time for
southern slaves escaping to the North with the help of abolitionists and the Underground Railroad.

collection ofwritingslfy^hluthlfrs a^WE b'duBo^ T^'m' ^ Millbrook Press. «95. A

Polacco, Patricia. PINK AND SAY. New York: Philomel Books. 1994. Say Curtis describes his meet­
ing with Pinkus Alee, a black soldier, during the Civil War. and their capture by Southern troops.

Wright, and Ralph Ellison, exploring the a,nnecfto„, of IT T™’ *“* Dove’ Richard
rC VCl* water’and sonS that link past
and present African American cultures.
Stolz, Mary. CEZANNE PINTO: A MEMOIR.
Pmto recalls his youth as a slave on Virginiaplamaton and'his^^0 new^etfe NoTth™'

Porter, Connie Rose. MEET ADDY: AN AMERI­
CAN GIRL. Middleton, WI: Pleasant Co., 1993.
Nine-year-old Addy Walker escapes from a cruel life
of slavery to freedom during the Civil War.

rorYo™hGreoaECHNew“rt °L™yN ^'fbm mf 199T^eRICAN “T™** AND ART
Afti'an A-ka" experience as’ seen Ihro^^tTd

ADDY LEARNS A LESSON: A SCHOOL STORY.
Middleton, WI: Pleasant Co., 1993. After escaping
from a plantation in North Carolina, Addy and her
mother arrive in Philadelphia where Addy goes to
school and learns a lesson in true friendship.
The author confers with Fulton County his­
torian Curtis Strode who wrote a newspaper
series based on the UGRR activiies of his
great grandfather, Francis Overton and fel­
low abolitionists. The Overton Farm was on
the route between Quincy and Galesburg.

Rappaport, Doreen. ESCAPE FROM SLAVERY:
FIVE JOURNEYS TO FREEDOM. New York:
HarperCollins, 1991. Five accounts of slaves who
managed to escape to freedom during the period
preceding the Civil War.

Ringgold. Faith. AUNT HARRIET’S UNDER­
GROUND RAILROAD IN TIDE SKY. New York: Crown, 1992. With Harriet Tbbman as her guide,

*

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Targ-Ilriik Marlene. ALLEN JAY AND THE UNDERGROUND RAILRO
Caroirhoda Books, J995. Recounts how Allen Jay, a
°'AD. Minneapolis:
1840s, helped a fleeing slave i
Railroad.
Taylor, Marian W. HARRIET TUBMAN.

Danbury. CT: Grolier, 1990.

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Washington, Booker T. UP FROM SLAVERY
Ed. by William L. Andrews. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 1995.

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Weinberg, Larry. GHOST HOTEL. Mahwah, NJ: Troll, 1994. Mysteriously drawn to an Indiana
museum, a twelve-year-old paralyzed girl encounters ghosts who return her to a former life, where
she attempts to save the son of a freed slave traveling by Underground Railroad in Kentucky.
Winter, Jeanette. FOLLOW THE DRINKING GOURD. New York: Dragonfly Books. 1992. By fol­
lowing the directions in a song, “The Drinking Gourd," taught to them by an old sailor named Peg
Leg Joe, runaway slaves journey north along the Underground Railroad to freedom in Canada.
Wright, Courtni Crump. JOURNEY TO FREEDOM: A STORY OF THE UNDERGROUND RAIL­
ROAD. New York: Holiday House, 1994. Joshua and his family, runaway slaves from a tobacco
plantation in Kentucky, follow the Underground Railroad to freedom.

!

“Forever Free" by Edmonia Lewis
Courtesy of the Moorland-Spingam Research Center,
Howard University
"During all my slave life I never lost sight of freedom. It
was always on my heart; it came to me like a solemn
thought, and often circumstances much stimulated the
desire to be free and raised great expectation of it"—
Ambrose Headen, born 1822, enslaved in North
Carolina and Alabama.

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The Underground Railroad in Illinois

Get on board for more adventure

Reverend Abraham Hall
Rev. Hall was not only a leader in the African Methodist Episcopal
Church. He was the grandfather of Lloyd Augustus Hall, the holder
of many patents. Lloyd Hall specialized in perfecting methods of
preserving foods. His work was essential to te development of dehy­
drated Army rations during World War II. Courtesy of Vivian G.
Harsh Collection, Chicago Public Library

Allan Pinkerton solved his first crime quite by chance. While he was a
cooper, or barrel maker, in Dundee, he went to gather reeds with which to
bind the barrels. He rowed his boat to an island in the Fox River where the
reeds grew. There, he discovered the hiding place of counterfeiters whom
the local sheriff had been unable to locate. Pinkerton instantly gained a
reputation as a detective.

Braille Books for Children, 1983. The biography of a slave
whose flight to freedom was the first step in her becoming a
“conductor” on the Underground Railroad.

tation in Mississippi and wind a hazardous route toward freedom in Canada via the Underground
Railroad.

Bledsoe. Lucy Jane. HARRIET TUBMAN. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Quercus. 1989.

Talmudge, Marian and Iris Gilmore. BARNEY FORD: BLACK BARON. New York: Dodd. 1973.
An indomitable man who escaped from slavery and became a wealthy leader in the political,
social, and business life of Denver, Colorado.

Blockson, Charles L. THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD. New York: Berkley, 1989. A comprehen­
sive study of the Underground Railroad arranged by the geographic regions in which it operated
Based on many primary sources.

T\imer, Glennette. THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD IN DuPAGE. Wheaton, IL: Newman, 1978.
Warner, Lucille Schulberg. FROM SLAVE TO ABOLITIONIST: THE LIFE OF WILLIAM WELLS
BROWN. New York: Dial Press, 1976. The memoirs of a fugitive slave a man important in the
abolitionist movements in England and America. (Adaptation)

Bradley. David. THE CHANEYSVILLE INCIDENT. New York: Harper &amp; Row. 1981.
Carlson, J. HARRIET TUBMAN: CALL TO FREEDOM. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1989.
Traces Harriet Tubman’s life, experience, and efforts to aid slaves in escaping to the North, as well
as her assistance to the Union cause during the Civil War.

White. Anne Terry. NORTH TO LIBERTY: THE STORY OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD.
Champaign, IL: Garrard Pub Co., 1972. Describes the operation, stations, and famous conductors
on the Underground Railroad, a network that helped many slaves escape from bondage.

Collier, Christopher and James Lincoln Collier. WAR COMES TO WILLY FREEMAN. New York:
Delacorte Press, 1983. Historical novel that portrays the plight of Black people during the
American Revolution.

Williams, Jeanne. FREEDOM TRAIL. New York: Putnam, 1973. Jared continues his stand against
slavery in pre-Civil War Kansas even though his father is killed by proslavers.

Collier, James Lincoln. WHO IS CARRIE? New York: Dell Pub Co., 1987. A young Black girl living
in New York City in the late eighteenth century observes the historic events taking place around
her and at the same time solves the mystery of her own identity.

Winslow. Eugene. AFRO-AMERICANS 76: BLACK AMERICANS IN THE FOUNDING OF OUR
NATION. Chicago: Afro-Am Pub Co., 1975. Provides biographical sketches of Afro-Americans
who contributed to the exploration, Revolution, and growth of the United States.

Ferris, Jeri. GO FREE OR DIE: A STORY ABOUT HARRIET TUBMAN. Minneapolis: First Avenue
Editions, 1988. A biography of the Black woman whose cruel experiences as a slave in the South
led her to seek freedom in the North for herself and for others through the Underground Railroad.

1980
Anderson, Joan A. WILLIAMSBURG HOUSEHOLD. New York: Clarion Books, 1988. Focuses on
events in the household of d white family and its black slaves in Colonial Williamsburg in the eigh­
teenth century.

Haley, Alex. A DIFFERENT KIND OF CHRISTMAS. New York: Doubleday, 1988. This adven­
ture, set in 1855, tells the story of a young white Southerner who helps in the Underground
Railroad and in an enslaved African’s Christmas Eve escape attempt.

Avi. SOMETHING UPSTAIRS. New York: Avon Books, 1988. When he moves from Los Angeles
to Providence, Rhode Island, Kenny discovers that his new home is haunted by the spirit of a black
slave boy who asks Kenny to return with him to the early nineteenth century and prevent his mur­
der by slave traders.

Hamilton, Virginia. ANTHONY BURNS: THE DEFEAT AND TRIUMPH OF A FUGITIVE SLAVE.
New York: A A Knopf, 1988. A biography of the slave who escaped to Boston in 1854, was arrest­
ed at the instigation of his owner, and whose trial caused a furor between abolitionists and those
determined to enforce the Fugitive Slave Acts.

Bains. Rae. HARRIET TUBMAN: THE ROAD TO FREEDOM (Braille) Livonia, MI: Seedlings

:

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�http://www.undcrgroundraiIroad.org/content.asp?id-726&amp;responsc-y

National Underground Railroad Freedom Center - ASK US

qc' involved

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continue She jouflfiteij
A
National '
Underqfcufld Railroad
Freedom Center

• timeline

ASK US

* people

We regret Unit we cannot answer all the questions we receive each day. We have Uierefore developed Uiis list of frequently asked
questions to assist you in your search. At Uic bottom of Uic page you will also find a list of our Web site Advisory Commitce
members who may also be able to assist you:

a locations
« ask us

What is the Underground Railroad?

* library

Before 1863, the Underground Railroad was a system of cooperation among African American slaves, free Blacks, abolitionists,
sympaUietic Whites, and Native Americans to help slaves escape Uieir bonds and claim the promise of freedom. According to a
recent study by the National Park Service, "...Uiis informal system arose as a loosely constructed network of escape routes Uiat
originated in the South, intertwined throughout the North, but also extended into western territories, Mexico, and the Caribbean."

* your papers

How many people escaped on the Underground Railroad?

« history links

It is estimated that as many as 100,000 ofUie 4 million enslaved escaped Uirough the Underground Railroad.

* local stories

Did people use quilts to help slaves escape?

* family stories

This topic has really taken off since the 1999 publication of Hidden in Plain View: A Secret Story ofQuilts and the
Underground Railroad, written by Jacqueline Tobin and Raymond Dobard (Doublcday, NY, NY). The bibliography in Uiat
book is a good starting place for your research We should also warn you, however, that the book has been greeted with a certain
amount of skepticism in the scholarly community. It may be Uiat as additional new data accrues (Uirough research such as your
own), that skeptiesm will subside.

* artifacts

IIow do I find out if my family was involved in the Underground Railroad?
The first Uiing you should do is start asking everyone who knows Uic story to tell it to you again in Uieir own words and to tell
you where Uiey heard it. Write it down or record it on tape. The object here is to define the community of living informants and to
map out their sources. Ix&gt;ok for the similarities in Uic stories and examine the inconsistencies. If you know the names of Uie
operators of the station, Uiat is wonderful because you can then start a search in Uie newspapers to corroborate your family's
memories. Another good source is the church records from Uie denomination where your ancestors worshiped — often
abolitionists were fervent churchgoers. We also cncougage you to contact other researchers doing work in your part of the state.
If you ever get to Washington, DC, do not be shy about visiting Uie National Archives.
How can I verify that a house is an Underground Railroad site?
The National Park Service has developed a verification process for reconstructing the stories of the Underground Railroad. The
process involves the use of written sources with strong or circumstantial evidence. The research process also requires carefiil
analysis of local oral traditions. The National Park Service is currently compiling an inventory of every structure associated with
Uie Underground Railroad. Once you have established at least two different kinds of evidence, you should contact the Park
Service by calling Uie head of Uic Network to Freedom program, Diane Miller, at 402.221.3749.
* Web site Advisory Committee
If you have a history question:
1 .mo Jack-son. PhD
Assistant Professor, Department of History
Northern Kentucky University
If you have a literature question:
KriMme Yoke. PhD
Assistant Professor, Department of Literature and Language
Northern Kentucky University
If you have a question on legal history:
Aaron Butin. JD
Corporate attorney and volunteer
*The Web site Advisory committee is a group ofvolunteer educators who support the activities ofthe Freedom Center. The
responses provided by these volunteers have not been authenticated by the Freedom Center. Please spend some time doing
your own research to verify how the information provided willfit your present needs.
Ue.vnmnl to this P;igc &gt;
View The responses of Others &gt;

1 of 2

2/6/02 2:38 PM

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ad in Illinois

- Climate
_ Rivers and canals
_ Population growth
- Flora and Fauna of 11U

£.

-.Religion

~ http://www.ugrr.org/ugrr/learn/jp-bib.html

- Treaties

~ www.nationalgeographic.com/features/99/railroad/randl.htmI, and

~ Politics
- Northwest Territory

~ http://www.ugrr.org/books/biblio.htm The bibliography, which was printed in Illinois
Libraries, can be accessed online. Go to http://www.sos.state.il.us/ and click on Illinois
State Library’s web page, (p

•

iincoln-Douglas Del

~ For more information on the multi-state UGRR operations, consult .th.eivTationa.l£axk^e-rvice
Underground Railroad Special Resource Study and the first web site listed above.

- Fur trade
-Early modes oftran

/ ~ Visit http://sunsite.unc.edu/docsouth and http://vi.uh.edu/pages/mintz/primary.htm.
^ for slave narratives. See Bom in Bondage by Marie Jenkins Schwartz (Harvard University
Press) to learn about the lives of enslaved children.
~ Refer to these periodicals: National Georgraphic. July 1984; the Sunday Magazine of the
Chicago Tribune, Summer 2000; and the magazine of the National Parks and Conservation
Association, July/August 1998.

^

_ Indians of Illinois

So much has been written on this topic in the meantime, the reader should also refer to Books
in Print. Illinois Libraries, (Vol. 80, No. 4) and other library and on-line resources such as:
~ http://mvw.cr.nps.gov/ugrr UA (4

■

adventux* ■

Underground Railroad books are too numerous to list completely. The annotated bibliogra­
phy in this chapter begins with the very earliest books on the subject. It was developed by Dr.
Gary Smith, Associate Professor of English, DePaul University; Donyell Gray, Research
Assistant; Kathleen Bethel, African American Studies Librarian, Northwestern UniversityAgnes Miller, African American Images Bookstore; and Glennetle Tilley Turner, author of the
Underground Railroad in Illinois.

o

J

{

1

- Illinois Constitute:
- Inn, taverns, andh
- - Early trails
- Education

i

~ View the following videos:

- Salt and lead rn^n

• “The Underground Railroad: Connections to Freedom and Science” video produced
by Classroom for the Future in cooperation with NASA Headquarters
(http://core.nasa.gov);

-Mills

• “The Underground Railroad in Illinois” and “Trail Through DuPage County”
(JMDoggett@aol.com); keyword “Underground Railroad”;

- Historic court ca

- Occupations

• “The Underground Railroad” produced by and available from The History Channel
~ play games such as “Escape” (www.UGRR-Illinois.com).
~ Sing along with audiotapes of “Songs of the Underground Railroad.”
~ Take historical tours such as those conducted by Black Coutours, (773) 233-8907 in order
to vicariously experience what it was like to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.

244

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PUBLIC LIBRARY

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%i$6 s® staflp and had been a rest4ml la the ©asamaaity for 4peam
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chapel to Bighwood, Aug. 14 and
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Wanke"^n, Tti&amp;s Aiif-11 to Waukegan. He
bom to Deesfleld,
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�</text>
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